Twenty new 2-(1
H
-pyrazol-1-yl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole analogs were synthetized to develop P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) inhibitors. P2X7R inhibition
in vitro
was evaluated in mouse peritoneal macrophages, HEK-293 cells transfected with hP2X7R (dye uptake assay), and THP-1 cells (IL-1β release assay). The 1-(5-phenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-1
H
-pyrazol-5-amine derivatives
9b
,
9c
, and
9f
, and 2-(3,5-dimethyl-1
H
-pyrazol-1-yl)-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole (
11c
) showed inhibitory effects with IC
50
values ranging from 16 to 122 nM for reduced P2X7R-mediated dye uptake and 20 to 300 nM for IL-1β release. In addition, the
in vitro
ADMET profile of the four most potent derivatives was determined to be in acceptable ranges concerning metabolic stability and cytotoxicity. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies of the molecular complexes human P2X7R/
9f
and murine P2X7R/
9f
indicated the putative intermolecular interactions. Compound
9f
showed affinity mainly for the Arg268, Lys377, and Asn266 residues. These results suggest that 2-(1
H
-pyrazol-1-yl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole analogs may be promising novel P2X7R inhibitors with therapeutic potential.