1,8-Cineole Ameliorates LPS-Induced Vascular Endothelium Dysfunction in Mice via PPAR-γ Dependent Regulation of NF-κB

Abstract

1,8-Cineole (eucalyptol), a monoterpene, has been widely reported for the anti-inflammatory effects. Our previous data confirmed that 1,8-cineole ameliorated the inflammatory phenotype of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by mediating NF-κB expression in vitro. At present, we investigated the protection effects of 1,8-cineole on vascular endothelium in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute inflammatory injury mice and the potential mechanisms involved in the protection in HUVECs. Results from enzyme linked immunosorbent assays revealed that 1,8-cineole suppressed the secretion of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 and increased the expression of IL-10 in the serum of LPS-induced mice. 1,8-Cineole reduced the inflammatory infiltration and the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecular 1 (VCAM-1) in the sections of thoracic aorta in LPS-induced acute inflammatory mice. Western blotting indicated that 1,8-cineole significantly decreased the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and increased the expression of PPAR-γ in the thoracic aorta tissue. 1,8-Cineole increased the expression of PPAR-γ in LPS-induced HUVECs. 1,8-Cineole and rosiglitazone reduced the protein and mRNA levels of VCAM-1, E-selectin, IL-6, and IL-8 in LPS-induced HUVECs, which could be reversed by the action of GW9662 (inhibitor of PPAR-γ). 1,8-Cineole and rosiglitazone blocked the LPS-induced IκBα degradation and NF-κB p65 nucleus translocation, which could be reversed by the pretreatment of GW9662 or silence of PPAR-γ gene. In conclusion, 1,8-cineole attenuated LPS-induced vascular endothelial cells injury via PPAR-γ dependent modulation of NF-κB.

Sigesbeckia orientalis L. Extract Alleviated the Collagen Type II–Induced Arthritis Through Inhibiting Multi-Target–Mediated Synovial Hyperplasia and Inflammation

“…All samples were then decalcified with a mixed acid solution (containing 8% hydrochloric acid, v/v; 5% acetic acid, v/v; and 10% salicylic acid, w/v) for 2-3 weeks. The decalcified joints were paraffin sectioned for histopathological analysis by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) ( Linghu et al, 2019 ) and immunofluorescence staining ( Chukkapalli et al, 2016 ).…”

Combining Antivirals and Immunomodulators to Fight COVID-19

“…In ex vivo cultivated human nasal mucosa [40], 1,8-cineole inhibits NF-κB activation, a key pathway in inflammation, in human mucosa and in human cell lines [40,81]. NF-κB inhibition might contribute to the in vivo anti-inflammatory properties of 1,8-cineole in murine models of inflammation [82] and influenza virus-induced murine pneumonia [83], as well as in a double-blind placebo-controlled trial of asthma treatments [84]. If proven useful, this molecule (already available as an oral capsule) might be potentially administered when the first clear symptoms appear, but this possibility also remains to be robustly tested.…”

Sigesbeckia glabrescens Makino extract attenuated the collagen-induced arthritis through inhibiting the synovial hyperplasia and inflammation

“…Then the bone and muscle were separated into two parts and fixed in 10% neutral phosphate-buffered formalin respectively. 24 h later, the muscles were used to detect the expression levels of IL-6, IL-1β and IL-10 with immunohistochemical staining as previously [13]; 7 days later, the bone specimens were decalcified in mixed acid solution (8% hydrochloric acid, v/v; 5% acetic acid, v/v; 10% salicylic acid, m/v) for 2-3 weeks. The decalcified bones were used for histopathological evaluation on the joint injury with hematoxylin & eosin staining and proteoglycan assessment on cartilage degeneration with Safranin O staining as previously [13,14].…”