For uninvestigated Chinese patients with dyspepsia with high background prevalence of H pylori infection and upper GI malignancy, alarm features and age, except for dysphagia in patients between 36 and 74 years old, had limited predictive value for a potential malignancy; therefore, prompt endoscopy may be recommended for these patients. However, less invasive, inexpensive screening methods with high diagnostic yield are still needed to reduce unnecessary endoscopy workload.