The nature and characteristics of the CH/p interaction are discussed by comparison with other weak molecular forces such as the CH/O and OH/p interaction. The CH/p interaction is a kind of hydrogen bond operating between a soft acid CH and a soft base p-system (double and triple bonds, C 6 and C 5 aromatic rings, heteroaromatics, convex surfaces of fullerenes and nanotubes). The consequences of CH/p hydrogen bonds in supramolecular chemistry are reviewed on grounds of recent crystallographic findings and database analyses. The topics include intramolecular interactions, crystal packing (organic and organometallic compounds), host/ guest complexes (cavity-type inclusion compounds of cyclodextrins and synthetic macrocyclic hosts such as calixarenes, catenanes, rotaxanes and pseudorotaxanes), lattice-inclusion type clathrates (including liquid crystals, porphyrin derivatives, cyclopentadienyl compounds and C 60 fullerenes), enantioselective clathrate formation, catalytic enantioface discriminating reactions and solid-state photoreaction. The implications of the CH/p concept for crystal engineering and drug design are evident.