1-Methylmalate from Camu-Camu (Myrciaria dubia) SuppressedD-Galactosamine-Induced Liver Injury in Rats

Abstract

To evaluate the protective effects of fruit juices against D-galactosamine (GalN)-induced liver injury, lyophilized fruit juices (total 12 kinds) were fed to rats for 7 d, and then we evoked liver injury by injecting GalN. The juice of camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia) significantly suppressed GalN-induced liver injury when the magnitude of liver injury was assessed by plasma alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities, although some other juices (acerola, dragon fruit, shekwasha, and star fruit) also tended to have suppressive effects. An active compound was isolated from camu-camu juice by solvent fractionation and silica gel column chromatography. The structure was determined to be 1-methylmalate. On the other hand, malate, 1,4-dimethylmalate, citrate, and tartrate had no significant effect on GalN-induced liver injury. It is suggested that 1-methylmalate might be a rather specific compound among organic acids and their derivatives in fruit juices in suppressing GalN-induced liver injury.

Effects of diet supplementation with Camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia HBK McVaugh) fruit in a rat model of diet-induced obesity

“…It also has other potentially important properties: it is a rich source of fiber, and it contains anthocyanins that are potent antioxidants (Zanatta et al 2005). Camucamu also contains significant levels of: potassium calcium, vitamin A, glucose, fructose, starch, pectin, phosphorus, and nitrogen (Silva et al 2006, Akachi et al 2010. These properties of the camu-camu fruit have aroused the economic and scientific interests of importers in Japan, Europe and the USA (Castañeda et al 2008, Genovese et al 2008.…”

By-Products of Camu-Camu [Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) McVaugh] as Promising Sources of Bioactive High Added-Value Food Ingredients: Functionalization of Yogurts

“…Both samples displayed no cytotoxicity against the MDCK line. Akachi et al [34] verified that a 1-methylmalate isolated from M. dubia had suppressive effects on GalN-induced liver injury in rats, which suggests a potential hepatoprotective activity of the camu-camu fruit juice.…”

Análise dos efeitos da suplementação dietética com Camu-Camu comparada à gastrectomia vertical no controle de peso de ratos Wistar.

“…Dietary supplementation with Camu-Camu versus sleeve gastrectomy in Wistar rats weight control. and antigenotoxic activities [11][12][13][14][15] . Sotero Solis et al 16 verified antioxidant activity in the three components of Camu-Camu fruit, seed, pulp and peel, the best results being found in the latter.…”