10.1007/BF02380629

Facultative diapause is a strategy that allows insects to initiate an additional generation when conditions are favorable, or to enter diapause when they are not. The occurrence of additional generations within one year can have a profound effect on the ecology and evolution of a species. Most previous studies of the cues that induce facultative diapause in insects have concentrated on photoperiod and temperature. In contrast, we studied the effects of host-plant quality on the induction of larval diapause and subsequent voltinism in a polyphagous insect herbivore, Choristoneura rosaceana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Field experiments demonstrated that the proportion of larvae entering diapause differed among four host-plant species. Larvae feeding on chokecherry were more likely to continue development and produce a second generation than larvae feeding on red maple or black ash. Paper birch was intermediate in diapause induction. Laboratory experiments with excised foliage supported the results of the field experiments and demonstrated that the induction of diapause depended on host species under constant conditions of photoperiod and temperature. A further study with low-and high-quality artificial diet demonstrated that the nutritional quality of larval diet has a direct effect on diapause induction: lowquality diet favored diapause induction. Dispersal of neonate larvae from host foliage did not necessarily reflect host quality and the potential for bivoltinism. We argue that the effect of plant quality on diapause induction in natural populations of insect herbivores merits more attention.

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Host-Plant Quality Influences Diapause and Voltinism in a Polyphagous Insect Herbivore

Hunter

McNeil

1997

Ecology

171

123

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Temperature-Dependent Regulation of Reproduction in the Diving Beetle Dytiscus sharpi (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)

Inoda

Tajima²,

Taniguchi³

et al. 2007

Zoological Science

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The effects of temperature on the mating behavior, gonad development, germ cell maturation, and egg spawning of the predaceous diving beetle Dytiscus sharpi (Coleoptera; Dytiscidae), were investigated. By field observations, we found that mating behavior started in October and occurred more frequently from November to December. Under our laboratory breeding conditions, we observed almost the same seasonal variation in mating behavior. We found that temperatures lower than 20 degrees C were required to trigger mating behavior. We also found the same temperature threshold triggered gonadogenesis as well as spermatogenesis. Furthermore, for females, exposure to lower temperatures (<8 degrees C) during the winter was required for egg maturation and spawning in spring; that is, there was a second threshold for successful female reproduction. We conclude that the termination of summer reproductive diapause of D. sharpi is regulated in a temperature-dependent manner, thus effecting the adaptation of D. sharpi to southern warm habitats.

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10.1007/BF02380629

Cited by 2 publications

References 9 publications

Host-Plant Quality Influences Diapause and Voltinism in a Polyphagous Insect Herbivore

Host-Plant Quality Influences Diapause and Voltinism in a Polyphagous Insect Herbivore

Temperature-Dependent Regulation of Reproduction in the Diving Beetle Dytiscus sharpi (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)

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