Abstract:This study investigates the connection between private equity funds and business budgeting. The study is based on the data from SEAF South Balkan Fund B.V., a private equity fund, which, during the 2006 to 2010 period, analyzed 483 companies in Serbia. To that end, the first part of the study presents the conceptual framework, as well as different private equity funds, such as venture capital funds, leveraged buyout funds, mezzanine funds, etc. The second part of the study shows different types of budgets, their features and characteristics, as well as different budgeting processes, methods and strategic approaches. In the third part, the connection between private equity investing and business budgeting is established. Lastly, the conclusion is drawn that the business budgeting is an important factor in creating successful companies, but that many business owners, in Serbia, do not realize its importance, or perform it.