10. Adjectives and word order: A focus on Italian-German code-switching

Cantone, Katja Francesca; MacSwan, Jeff

doi:10.1075/sibil.41.14can

Cited by 32 publications

(44 citation statements)

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“…Hence, we investigate what happens when an adjective from one language is combined with a noun from the other. Cantone and MacSwan (2009) argue that the language of the adjective determines word order, predicting wijn kòrá and rode biña, and excluding biña rode or kòrá wijn. Following Myers-Scotton (2002), by contrast, the word order is expected to follow that of the morphosyntax in the rest of the sentence, predicting wijn kòrá and biña rode when the morphosyntax of the rest of the sentence is in Papiamento, but rode biña and kòrá wijn when the rest of the sentence is in Dutch.…”

Section: Adjective-noun Switches In Papiamento-dutchmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…MacSwan (1999) has criticized the MLF -arguing that the grammatical principles responsible for defining the distribution of code-switching explicitly refer to the separate languages involved in it. Regarding adjective order, Cantone and MacSwan (2009) follow Cinque's (1994Cinque's ( , 1999Cinque's ( , 2005 proposal that a Universal Base underlies adjectives, with adjectives universally preceding the noun. Cantone and MacSwan explore Italian-German naturalistic code-switching data and reach the descriptive generalization that "while the data remain slightly ambiguous, a relatively clear pattern has emerged in both the survey data and the naturalistic data confirming the general view of previous researchers, namely, that the word order requirements of the language of the adjective determine word order in code-switching in DP-internal contexts" (2009, pp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Adjective-noun order in Papiamento-Dutch code-switching

Pablos

Couto

Boutonnet

et al. 2019

LAB

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In Papiamento-Dutch bilingual speech, the nominal construction is a potential ‘conflict site’ if there is an adjective from one language and a noun from the other. Adjective position is pre-nominal in Dutch (cf. rode wijn ‘red wine’) but post-nominal in Papiamento (cf. biña kòrá ‘wine red’). We test predictions concerning the mechanisms underpinning word order in noun-adjective switches derived from three accounts: (i) the adjective determines word order (Cantone & MacSwan, 2009), (ii) the matrix language determines word order (Myers-Scotton, 1993, 2002), and (iii) either order is possible (Di Sciullo, 2014). An analysis of spontaneous Papiamento-Dutch code-switching production (Parafita Couto & Gullberg, 2017) could not distinguish between these predictions. We used event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to measure online comprehension of code-switched utterances. We discuss how our results inform the three theoretical accounts and we relate them to syntactic coactivation and the production-comprehension link.

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Section: Adjective-noun Switches In Papiamento-dutchmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Adjective-noun order in Papiamento-Dutch code-switching

Pablos

Couto

Boutonnet

et al. 2019

LAB

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“…The predictions with regard to word order in codeswitched DPs have been discussed in Cantone and MacSwan (2009). Recall that movement during the derivation is caused by (strong) features.…”

Section: The Minimalist Programmentioning

confidence: 99%

The adjective in Dutch-French codeswitching: Word order and agreement

Wyngaerd

2016

International Journal of Bilingualism

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Aims and Objectives: This paper investigates the word order and adjectival agreement patterns in French-Dutch codeswitched Determiner Phrases (DPs). It examines the predictions made by two theoretical points of view: the approach by MacSwan (2009) within the Minimalist Program (MP) and the Matrix Language Framework (MLF) (Myers-Scotton & Jake, 2009).Methodology: The predictions of these frameworks are compared to data gathered in a grammaticality judgment task. In total, 120 codeswitched sentences were presented aurally to participants, who were asked to rate the sentences on a three-point scale. Originality: While some previous work on word order within codeswitched DP's exists, this paper is the first study investigating the adjectival agreement patterns in codeswitching. Data and Analysis: Statistical analysis of the data showed that the MacSwan approach is a better predictor for the grammaticality judgments, as sentences predicted to be grammatical by the MP were rated higher than sentences predicted to be ungrammatical by the same model. This difference was statistically significant. There was no significant difference in rating for the predictions of the MLF. Conclusions:The results of the judgment task in combination with the results of previous research on codeswitching highlight the importance of a combination of data from both naturalistic and experimental settings. Implications: The predictions of the Minimalist approach have the upper hand over the predictions of the MLF. However, it remains is important to integrate results from other experimental methodologies, such as naturalistic data and results from psycholinguistic and neurolinguistic studies.

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“…Cantone and MacSwan (2009) would predict wine coch and red gwin (where the language of the adjective determines the word order), and would exclude gwin red and coch wine. Do we expect Welsh-English bilingual speech to produce gwin red or red gwin, and coch wine or wine coch?…”

Section: Welsh-english Conflict Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

How do Welsh-English bilinguals deal with conflict? Adjective-noun order resolution

Couto¹,

Deuchar²,

Fusser³

2015

Code-Switching Between Structural and Sociolinguistic Perspectives

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1 : The best theoretical account of grammaticality in code-switching is still a hotly debated topic. There are contrasting predictions about what happens at "conflict sites" where the grammars of the two languages have conflicting rules. Compare for example red wine in English with Welsh gwin coch (wine red). In Welsh-English bilingual speech the nominal construction is a potential "conflict site": do we expect e.g. gwin red or red gwin, and coch wine or wine coch? Different theories make conflicting claims on what switches are acceptable. According to the Matrix Language Frame model (Myers-Scotton 2002) word order has to be compatible with the language of the matrix verb. For Cantone and MacSwan (2009), "it is the language of the adjective that determines the position of the NP relative to the adjective".We designed a study to evaluate conflict sites within Welsh-English mixed nominal constructions by using a multi-task approach comprising (1) naturalistic corpus data, (2) an elicitation task, and (3) an auditory judgment task. We discuss the relation between the choice of mixed vs. nonmixed nominal constructions and extralinguistic factors. Our results call into question the usefulness of judgment data for code-switching research and add impetus to the suggestions by Backus (this volume) and Kootstra (this volume) that researchers need to adopt a wider range of methods in this area.

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10. Adjectives and word order: A focus on Italian-German code-switching

Cited by 32 publications

References 0 publications

Adjective-noun order in Papiamento-Dutch code-switching

Adjective-noun order in Papiamento-Dutch code-switching

The adjective in Dutch-French codeswitching: Word order and agreement

How do Welsh-English bilinguals deal with conflict? Adjective-noun order resolution

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