10. Microbial Life in Unusual Cave Ecosystems Sustained by Chemosynthetic Primary Production

Kumaresan, Deepak; Hillebrand-Voiculescu, Alexandra; Wischer, Daniela; Stephenson, J.; Chen, Y.; Murrell, J. Colin

doi:10.1515/9783110339888-012

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In the Anchialine caves the size of freshwater lenses are the main changes to energy entrance and the environmental stability [28]. Their ecological relation in these subterranean systems all in tropical conditions depends of course of their energy support and in this region there are two main ways, the alloctonous way using the biological and hydrological process [36] and for autochthonous way producing by chemolitotrophic procedures the energy using the chemosynthetic bacteria and support by use of methane and dissolved organic carbon [39][40][41]. In the first option the biological process involve bats that carry several seeds or insect debris, even they self when died; some trogloxene animals that sometimes entrance to these environments and died; but also by there are an important energy sources in cave entrance by the sun effects, where several plants growth and some cave insects go to entrance to feed and back to dark zones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropical Subterranean Ecosystems in Mexico, Guatemala and Belize: A Review of Aquatic Biodiversity and Their Ecological Aspects

Mejía-Ortíz¹,

Sprouse²,

Tejeda-Mazariegos³

et al. 2021

Natural History and Ecology of Mexico and Central America

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The subterranean ecosystems in tropical areas of Mexico, North of Guatemala & Belize are very abundant because the karstic soil that allow these formations are the main composition in the Yucatán Peninsula and several mountains systems in these countries; also, they have a strong relationship with tropical forest adjacent where the main energy into the caves have an alloctonous origin. In these three countries there are three different cave conditions: a) freshwater semi-dry caves, b) flooded freshwater systems and c) anchialine systems. Mainly crustaceans and freshwater fishes are the major representative group in the aquatic diversity in these systems because the anchialine members are restricted to Yucatán Peninsula and Islands adjacent. Around 5000 entries to subterranean world there are among these countries, where the Yucatan Peninsula is the area with major caves or cenotes in comparison with southern of Mexico, North of Guatemala and Belize. Into these systems are possible found crustaceans and fishes from different families. The objective of this paper is present a review of these systems according with each karstic areas and show the current map including the location of each systems; as well their subterranean aquatic biodiversity and, finally discuss the relationships among these different areas using their biological aquatic richness in consideration with ecological subterranean conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropical Subterranean Ecosystems in Mexico, Guatemala and Belize: A Review of Aquatic Biodiversity and Their Ecological Aspects

Mejía-Ortíz¹,

Sprouse²,

Tejeda-Mazariegos³

et al. 2021

Natural History and Ecology of Mexico and Central America

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“…They are effective in nitri cation if abundant(Pohlman et al, 1997).Nitrosomonas sp. bacteria activity converts ammonia to nitrate(Kumaresan et al, 2015;Lavoie et al, 2015), releasing heat and generating hot spots in guano(Dumitraş and Marincea, 2021). That causes water to evaporate and form nitrate (Northup and Lavoie, 2001; Onac and Forti, 2011)/nitro mineral(Lavoie et al, 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

Geochemistry and 14C dating of guano deposits in the Karaftu Cave, Kurdistan, Iran: implication for paleoenvironment

Amin-Rasouli,

Minami,

Armstrong-Altrin

et al. 2023

Environ Monit Assess

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Karaftu Cave in the northwest of Divandareh includes four oors plus an underground area. The bat hall and its underground area are covered with guano deposits. 14 C dating indicates the onset of guano deposition is about 14260±50 BP years, and its average accumulation rate is about 4.1 mm/yr for depths of 360 to 205 cm. Bacterial and fungal metabolisms decay guano, release acids, and disperse large amounts of microorganisms inside the cave. Interactions between acids and guano caused leaching, dissolution, change in the distribution, and abundance of elements, which leads to the formation of secondary minerals in guano. These variations in minerals and elements also depend on the local climatic conditions. Distribution of elements in the Ce/Ce* verse Pr/Pr* diagram and the correlation coe cient between Ce and Mn display three different paleoclimate conditions (dry, wet, and dry) during the accumulation of the guano. Also, dolomite, phosphate, and iron oxide minerals have been formed during the passage of water through bedrock beneath the guano. This water is unsuitable for drinking and harmful to the organisms in the region. Effect of these acids on the substrate also leads to the collapse of the cave oor, generation of a new underground, fall in the groundwater level, change in the groundwater drainage system, drying of springs around the cave, loss of green cover, and a negative impact on the ecosystem in the region. To keep the cave environment clean and remove these problems, it is better to harvest guano and use it as fertilizer.

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Terrestrial Fauna in the Greenbrier Karst

Culver

Fong

2017

Caves and Karst of the Greenbrier Valley in West Virginia

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10. Microbial Life in Unusual Cave Ecosystems Sustained by Chemosynthetic Primary Production

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Tropical Subterranean Ecosystems in Mexico, Guatemala and Belize: A Review of Aquatic Biodiversity and Their Ecological Aspects

Tropical Subterranean Ecosystems in Mexico, Guatemala and Belize: A Review of Aquatic Biodiversity and Their Ecological Aspects

Geochemistry and 14C dating of guano deposits in the Karaftu Cave, Kurdistan, Iran: implication for paleoenvironment

Terrestrial Fauna in the Greenbrier Karst

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