100,000 Years of African monsoon variability recorded in sediments of the Nile margin

Revel, Marie; Ducassou, Emmanuelle; Grousset, F.; Bernasconi, Stefano M.; Migeon, Sébastien; Révillon, Sidonie; Mascle, J.; Murat, Anne; Zaragosi, Sébastien; Bosch, Delphine

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.02.006

Cited by 256 publications

(248 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…As mentioned above, sapropel layers formed in the Mediterranean as a response to the Nile River flood induced by a strengthened North African monsoon, and the cyclic occurrences of sapropel suggest a strong role for precessional forcing of the monsoon (e.g., RossignolStrick, 1983;Rossignol-Strick et al, 1998;Ziegler et al, 2010b). A recent record based on relative iron content from the Mediterranean corroborates the suggested precessional control (Revel et al, 2010).…”

Section: Precession and Inter-hemispheric Contrastsmentioning

confidence: 63%

The global monsoon across timescales: coherent variability of regional monsoons

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Monsoon has earned increasing attention from the climate community since the last century, yet only recently have regional monsoons been recognized as a global system. It remains a debated issue, however, as to what extent and at which timescales the global monsoon can be viewed as a major mode of climate variability. For this purpose, a PAGES (Past Global Changes) working group (WG) was set up to investigate the concept of the global monsoon and its future research directions. The WG's synthesis is presented here. On the basis of observation and proxy data, the WG found that the regional monsoons can vary coherently, although not perfectly, at various timescales, varying between interannual, interdecadal, centennial, millennial, orbital and tectonic timescales, conforming to the global monsoon concept across timescales. Within the global monsoon system, each subsystem has its own features, depending on its geographic and topographic conditions. Discrimination between global and regional components in the monsoon system is a key to revealing the driving factors in monsoon variations; hence, the global monsoon concept helps to enhance our understanding and to improve future projections of the regional monsoons. This paper starts with a historical review of the global monsoon concept in both modern and paleoclimatology, and an assessment of monsoon proxies used in regional and global scales. The main body of the paper is devoted to a summary of observation data at various timescales, providing evidence of the coherent global monsoon system. The paper concludes with a projection of future monsoon shifts in a warming world. The synthesis will be followed by a companion paper addressing driving mechanisms and outstanding issues in global monsoon studies.

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Section: Precession and Inter-hemispheric Contrastsmentioning

confidence: 63%

The global monsoon across timescales: coherent variability of regional monsoons

et al. 2014

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“…The MD 90-917 precipitation pattern may support, at the mid-Holocene, a correlative increase in winter and summer precipitations with high summer precipitation and cooler temperatures at time of the boreal insolation maximum. Such a signal may illustrate the possible conflict of mid-latitudinal and subtropical monsoonal climatic systems in the Mediterranean area (Tzedakis, 2007;Revel et al, 2010;Desprat et al, 2013; and surely emphasizes the fact that our record is located at the confluence between northern and southern influences. Climate changes recorded here are clearly driven by insolation changes and likely reflect the increasing influence of westerlies during the second half of the Holocene, as demonstrated by the rise in winter precipitation in the upper part of our record.…”

Section: Precipitation Patternmentioning

confidence: 84%

Holocene vegetation and climate changes in the central Mediterranean inferred from a high-resolution marine pollen record (Adriatic Sea)

et al. 2013

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The high-resolution multiproxy study of the Adriatic marine core MD 90-917 provides new insights to reconstruct vegetation and regional climate changes over the southcentral Mediterranean during the Younger Dryas (YD) and Holocene. Pollen records show the rapid forest colonization of the Italian and Balkan borderlands and the gradual installation of the Mediterranean association during the Holocene. Quantitative estimates based on pollen data provide Holocene precipitations and temperatures in the Adriatic Sea using a multi-method approach. Clay mineral ratios from the same core reflect the relative contributions of riverine (illite and smectite) and eolian (kaolinite) contributions to the site, and thus act as an additional proxy with which to evaluate precipitation changes in the Holocene. Vegetation climate reconstructions show the response to the Preboreal oscillation (PBO), most likely driven by changes in temperature and seasonal precipitation, which is linked to increasing river inputs from Adriatic rivers recorded by increase in clay mineral contribution to marine sediments. Pollen-inferred temperature declines during the early-mid Holocene, then increases during the mid-late Holocene, similar to southwestern Mediterranean climatic patterns during the Holocene. Several short vegetation and climatic events appear in the record, indicating the sensitivity of vegetation in the region to millennial-scale variability. Reconstructed summer precipitation shows a regional maximum (170-200 mm) between 8000 and 7000 similar to the general pattern across southern Europe. Two important shifts in vegetation occur at 7700 cal yr BP (calendar years before present) and between 7500 and 7000 cal yr BP and are correlated with increased river inputs around the Adriatic Basin respectively from the northern (7700 event) and from the central Adriatic borderlands (7500-7000 event). During the mid-Holocene, the wet summers lead to permanent moisture all year resulting in a homogeneous seasonal precipitation regime. After 6000 cal yr BP, summer precipitation decreases towards present-day values while winter precipitation rises regularly showing the setting up of Mediterranean climate conditions. Multiproxy evidence from core MD 90-917 provides a deeper understanding of the role of precipitation and particularly the seasonality of precipitation in mediating vegetation change in the central Mediterranean during the Holocene

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“…Pleistocene and Holocene sediments, obtaining as main radiogenic end members Saharan dust and Nile particulate matter (e.g., Krom et al, 1999aKrom et al, , 1999bWeldeab et al, 2002aWeldeab et al, , 2002bWeldeab et al, , 2003Revel et al, 2010;Box et al, 2011;Blanchet et al, 2013). In the westernmost Mediterranean area, however, less work has focused on the identification of terrigenous provenance and transport patterns.…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%