100 Gy⁶⁰Coγ-Ray Induced Novel Mutations in Tetraploid Wheat

Abstract

10 accessions of tetraploid wheat were radiated with 100 Gy 60Co γ-ray. The germination energy, germination rate, special characters (secondary tillering, stalk with wax powder, and dwarf), meiotic process, and high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GSs) were observed. Different species has different radiation sensibility. With 1 seed germinated (5%), T. dicoccum (PI434999) is the most sensitive to this dose of radiation. With a seed germination rate of 35% and 40%, this dose also affected T. polonicum (As304) and T. carthlicum (As293). Two mutant dwarf plants, T. turgidum (As2255) 253-10 and T. polonicum (As302) 224-14, were detected. Abnormal chromosome pairings were observed in pollen mother cells of both T. dicoccoides (As835) 237-9 and T. dicoccoides (As838) 239-8 with HMW-GS 1Ax silent in seeds from them. Compared with the unirradiated seed of T. polonicum (As304) CK, a novel HMW-GS was detected in seed of T. polonicum (As304) 230-7 and its electrophoretic mobility was between 1By8 and 1Dy12 which were the HMW-GSs of Chinese Spring. These mutant materials would be resources for wheat breeding.

Identification of Novel Chromosomal Aberrations Induced by 60Co-γ-Irradiation in Wheat-Dasypyrum villosum Lines

“…The effects of irradiationon the frequency of chromosomal aberrations, rate of germination, and changes in morphological and physiological traits have been previously documented [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. In agreement with the findings of previous studies on wheat- Aegilops biuncialis amphiploids [ 19 , 20 ], those of the present study suggested the presence of translocations, fragments, and dicentrics in all three dosage groups (100, 200, and 300 Gy).Furthermore, the frequency of aberrances increased with an increase in the irradiation dose in the M 0 generation of the irradiated line WD14.…”

Construction of Watermelon Mutant Library Based on 60Co γ-ray Irradiation and EMS Treatment for Germplasm Innovation

“…Similarly, 60 Co γ-rays have also been used to construct mutant libraries in plants. For instance, 10 accessions of tetraploid wheat were irradiated with 60 Co γ-rays, which resulted in several novel mutation resources for wheat breeding [19]. The efficiency of different doses of 60 Co γ-rays was extensively investigated in tomato and potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) [10,20].…”