Abstract. Gyroscope is a core part of navigation system, whose working stability and reliability directly affects the navigation performance of navigation system. Therefore, in order to ensure the precision and reliability of navigation system, it is very important to develop the techniques of fault diagnosis for gyroscope. First, the development of gyroscope's history and the background and significance of fault diagnosis for gyroscope is introduced in this paper. Then, the influence factors of abnormal faults in the running of gyroscope are analyzed in this paper, and the faults are classified into different types according to the feature of faults for gyroscope. Second, there are some main algorithms of fault diagnosis for gyroscope, such as support vector machine, wavelet analysis and neural network etc. Finally, aiming at the development status of fault diagnosis for gyroscope, the current existing problems of fault diagnosis for gyroscope are summarized, and the future development and application of fault diagnosis for gyroscope are prospected.