108 First identification of non-lactose fermenting Gram negative respiratory isolates from an Irish cystic fibrosis population using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS)

Prior, Anna-Rose; Keating, D.; Sheehan, Robert; Salmon, A.; Britton, Douglas F.; O’Brien, David; Schaffer, K.

doi:10.1016/s1569-1993(12)60278-1

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“…S1 in the supplemental material). Nucleotide metabolism may reflect the abundance of free DNA in CF sputum (41), which is believed to come from neutrophil extracellular traps (42, 43) and bacterial biofilms (44). The elevated amino acid metabolism may reflect the abundant free amino acids in sputum (22, 24, 26), possibly due to the action of large amounts of human and microbial proteases in the CF lung (45, 46).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogeochemical Forces Shape the Composition and Physiology of Polymicrobial Communities in the Cystic Fibrosis Lung

Quinn

Lim

Maughan

et al. 2014

mBio

110

106

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The cystic fibrosis (CF) lung contains thick mucus colonized by opportunistic pathogens which adapt to the CF lung environment over decades. The difficulty associated with sampling airways has impeded a thorough examination of the biochemical microhabitats these pathogens are exposed to. An indirect approach is to study the responses of microbial communities to these microhabitats, facilitated by high-throughput sequencing of microbial DNA and RNA from sputum samples. Microbial metagenomes and metatranscriptomes were sequenced from multiple CF patients, and the reads were assigned taxonomy and function through sequence homology to NCBI and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database hierarchies. For a comparison, saliva microbial metagenomes from the Human Microbiome Project (HMP) were also analyzed. These analyses identified that functions encoded and expressed by CF microbes were significantly enriched for amino acid catabolism, folate biosynthesis, and lipoic acid biosynthesis. The data indicate that the community uses oxidative phosphorylation as a major energy source but that terminal electron acceptors were diverse. Nitrate reduction was the most abundant anaerobic respiratory pathway, and genes for nitrate reductase were largely assigned to Pseudomonas and Rothia. Although many reductive pathways of the nitrogen cycle were present, the cycle was incomplete, because the oxidative pathways were absent. Due to the abundant amino acid catabolism and incomplete nitrogen cycle, the CF microbial community appears to accumulate ammonia. This finding was verified experimentally using a CF bronchiole culture model system. The data also revealed abundant sensing and transport of iron, ammonium, zinc, and other metals along with a low-oxygen environment. This study reveals the core biochemistry and physiology of the CF microbiome.

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