11CO red cell labeling blood volume and total hemoglobin in athletes: effect of training.

Glass, H. I.; Edwards, Robert H.; Garreta, A. C. de; Clark, John C.

doi:10.1152/jappl.1969.26.1.131

Cited by 31 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Other studies have also demonstrated increases in VO 2max independent of changes in red cell mass with periods of endurance training ranging from 12 days (Green et al 1991) to 3 months (Glass et al 1969). It is possible that changes in Hb mass occur over longer periods than that were monitored in these studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…The subjects in the study of Gore et al (1997) were highly trained and may therefore have limited scope for further augmentation of their Hb mass in response to training (Gore et al 1998). Glass et al (1969) also reported no change in Hb mass in highly trained cyclists in response to 2 months of intensive training. Despite little evidence of training induced changes in Hb mass in elite athletes, the hypoxia of moderate altitude can provide suYcient erythropoietic stimulus to increase Hb mass even in trained athletes (Heinicke et al 2001;.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Longitudinal changes in haemoglobin mass and VO2max in adolescents

et al. 2008

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This study assessed the relationship between haemoglobin mass (Hb(mass)) and maximum oxygen consumption (VO(2max)) in adolescents over 1 year. Twenty-three subjects (11-15 years) participated; 12 undertook ~12 months of cycle training (cyclists) and 11 were sedentary (controls). Hb(mass) and VO(2max) were measured approximately every 3 months. At baseline there was a high correlation (r = 0.82, P < 0.0001) between relative VO(2max) (ml kg(-1) min(-1)) and relative Hb(mass) (g kg(-1)). During 12 months there was a significant increase in relative VO(2max) of the cyclists but not the controls; however, there was no corresponding increase in relative Hb(mass) of either group. The correlation between percent changes in relative VO(2max) and relative Hb(mass) was not significant for cyclists (r = 0.31, P = 0.33) or controls (r = 0.42, P = 0.19). Training does not increase relative Hb(mass) in adolescents consistent with a strong hereditary role for Hb(mass) and VO(2max). Hb(mass) may be used to identify adolescents who have a high VO(2max).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Longitudinal changes in haemoglobin mass and VO2max in adolescents

et al. 2008

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“…Examination of cross-sectional studies Brotherhood and Rozovic 1975;Dill et al 1974;Glass et al 1969;Kjellberg et al 1949;Mack et al 1987 reveals that essentially all of the studies were conducted with runners as subjects and, with one exception, with male runners. Conceivably, the nature of the activity (cycling versus running) could account for the failure of recent training studies to elicit adaptations in RCV (Green et al 1991Shoemaker et al 1996.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular volumes and hematology in male and female runners and cyclists

Green

Grant

et al. 1999

European Journal of Applied Physiology

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To examine the hypothesis that foot-strike hemolysis alters vascular volumes and selected hematological properties is trained athletes, we have measured total blood volume (TBV), red cell volume (RCV) and plasma volume (PV) in cyclists (n = 21) and runners (n = 17) and compared them to those of untrained controls (n = 20). TBV (ml x kg(-1)) was calculated as the sum of RCV (ml x kg(-1)) and PV (ml x kg(-1)) obtained using 51Cr and 125I-labelled albumin, respectively. Hematological assessment was carried out using a Coulter counter. Peak aerobic power (VO2peak) was measured during progressive exercise to fatigue using both cycle and treadmill ergometry. RCV was 15% higher (P < 0.05) in male cyclists [35.4 (1.0), mean (SE); n = 12] and runners [35.3 (0.98); n = 9] compared to the controls [30.7 (0.92); n = 12]. Similar differences existed between the female cyclists [28.2 (2.1); n = 9] and runners [28.4 (1.0); n = 8] compared to the untrained controls [24.9 (1.4); n = 8]. For the male athletes, PV was between 19% (cyclists) and 28% (runners) higher (P < 0.05) in the trained athletes compared to the untrained controls. The differences in PV between the female groups were not significant. Although the males had a higher (P < 0.05) TBV, RCV and PV than the females, no differences between cyclists and runners were found for either gender. Mean cell volume was not different between the athletic groups. VO2peak (ml x kg(-1) x min(-1)) was higher (P < 0.05) in both male [68.4 (1.5)] and female [54.8 (2.1)] runners when compared to the untrained males [47.1 (1.0)] and females [40.5 (2.1)]. Although differences existed between the genders in VO2peak for both cyclists and runners, no differences were found between the athletic groups within a gender. Since the vascular volumes were not different between cyclists and runners for either the males or females, foot-strike hemolysis would not appear to have an effect on that parameter. The significant correlations (P < 0.05) found between VO2peak and RCV (r = 0.64 and 0.64) and TBV (r = 0.82 and 0.63) for the males and females, respectively, suggests a role for the vascular system in realizing a high aerobic power.

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“…In particular, carrier-free 11C-labeled carbon monoxide has been prepared as a routine procedure in several laboratories for a considerable period of time [i, t5]. A technique for measuring blood volume using 11CO is also known [2,5,6]. Experiments in scintigraphy of the spleen with the aid of artificially aged 11CO-labeled erythrocytes have shown that carbon monoxide does not remain permanently bound to individual erythrocytes [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fixation, retention and exhalation of carrier-free11C-Labeled carbon monoxide by man

Weinreich

Ritzl

Feinendegen

et al. 1975

Radiat Environ Biophys

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Carrier-free 11C-labeled carbon monoxide was produced by proton irradiation of a nitrogen gas flow target via the 14N(p, alpha)11C process followed by on-line reduction of the predominantly formed 11C-carbon dioxide with a yield of 0.4 mCi/muAmin. After appropriate quality control about 2 mCi of carrier-free 11C-carbon monoxide in 500 ml on nitrogen gas were inhaled by test subjects in one breath. The 11C-activity distribution was then followed in vivo by scanning above thorax, head, liver, thigh and os sacrum; simultaneously the 11c-activity of the blood was also followed by batch measurement. The data indicate that part of the 11C-activity migrates from the blood into the intercellular space, while another part is exhaled. The 11C-activity leaves the individual organs with a biological half-life ranging from about 120 to 200 min, a time which is short as compared to the one observed for 51Cr-labeled erythrocytes. A radio gas chromatographic analysis of the exhaled air showed that the 11C-activity leaves the body exculsively in the form of 11C-labeled carbon monoxide. Consequently, metabolism of the 11CO into 11CO2 or other compounds can be excluded.

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11CO red cell labeling blood volume and total hemoglobin in athletes: effect of training.

Cited by 31 publications

References 0 publications

Longitudinal changes in haemoglobin mass and VO2max in adolescents

Longitudinal changes in haemoglobin mass and VO2max in adolescents

Vascular volumes and hematology in male and female runners and cyclists

Fixation, retention and exhalation of carrier-free11C-Labeled carbon monoxide by man

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