120 to 0 Ma tectonic evolution of the southwest Pacific and analogous geological evolution of the 600 to 220 Ma Tasman Fold Belt System

Crawford, Anthony J.; Meffre, Sébastien; Symonds, P. A.

doi:10.1130/0-8137-2372-8.383

Cited by 152 publications

(272 citation statements)

References 77 publications

(127 reference statements)

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“…During the Eocene, the continental crust in the New Caledonia area was tectonically active, being in collision with the Loyalty Islands arc, and obduction at this time placed a layer of oceanic crust (lithosphere) over the submerged continental crust. New Caledonia emerged during an Oligocene lithosphere extension phase, uplifting with a cover of lithospheric ultramafic rocks (Paris 1981a,b;Aitchison et al 1995;Cluzel et al 2001;Crawford et al 2003;Pelletier 2006;Schellart et al 2006). The presentday mountains are relatively old since they are the product of complex orogenesis from Oligocene time, as indicated by several series of lateritic beds ranging from sea level to mountain tops (Chevillotte et al 2006).…”

Section: Geological History and Evolution Of The Biotamentioning

confidence: 99%

New Caledonia: a very old Darwinian island?

Grandcolas

Murienne

Robillard

et al. 2008

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

273

289

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New Caledonia has generally been considered a continental island, the biota of which largely dates back to Gondwanan times owing to its geological origin and the presence of phylogenetic relicts. This view is contradicted by geological evidence indicating long Palaeocene and Eocene submersions and by recent biogeographic and phylogenetic studies, with molecular or geophysical dating placing the biota no older than the Oligocene. Phylogenetic relicts do not provide conclusive information in this respect, as their presence cannot be explained by simple hypotheses but requires assumption of many ad hoc extinction events. The implication of this new scenario is that all the New Caledonian biota colonized the island since 37 Ma Local richness can be explained by local radiation and adaptation after colonization but also by many dispersal events, often repeated within the same groups of organisms. Local microendemism is another remarkable feature of the biota. It seems to be related to recent speciation mediated by climate, orography, soil type and perhaps unbalanced biotic interactions created by colonization disharmonies. New Caledonia must be considered as a very old Darwinian island, a concept that offers many more fascinating opportunities of study.

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Section: Geological History and Evolution Of The Biotamentioning

confidence: 99%

New Caledonia: a very old Darwinian island?

Grandcolas

Murienne

Robillard

et al. 2008

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

273

289

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“…A variety of tectonic models have been proposed to explain how various Eocene-Miocene arcs and back arcs subsequently formed between the Tonga-Kermadec Trench and Norfolk Ridge (Cluzel et al, 2006;Crawford et al, 2003;Herzer et al, 2009;Mortimer et al, 2007;Schellart et al, 2006). General agreement exists that the modern Tonga-Kermadec system evolved from a boundary lying near the Norfolk Ridge and New Caledonia in the middle Eocene.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Eocene convergence rates varied from <1 cm/y in New Zealand to 10 cm/y near New Caledonia ( Figure F8). Late Eocene to Holocene subduction zone roll-back has produced back-arc basins (Loyalty, Norfolk, South Fiji, North Fiji, Havre, and Lau) and ridges interpreted as fossil and active arcs east of the Norfolk Ridge system (Loyalty, Three Kings, Lau-Colville, Tonga-Kermadec, and Vanuatu) (Crawford et al, 2003;Herzer et al, 2009;Herzer and Mascle, 1996;Mortimer et al, 2007;Schellart et al, 2006). The complexity of basin opening makes local determination of past plate boundary configurations and rates difficult.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

Sutherland¹,

Dickens²,

Blum³

et al. 2018

International Ocean Discovery Program Preliminary Report

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International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 371 drilled six sites in the Tasman Sea of the southwest Pacific between 27 July and 26 September 2017. The primary goal was to understand Tonga-Kermadec subduction initiation through recovery of Paleogene sediment records. Secondary goals involved understanding regional oceanography and climate since the Paleogene. Six sites were drilled, recovering 2506 m of cored sediment and volcanic rock in 36.4 days of on-site drilling during a total expedition length of 58 days. Wireline logs were collected at two sites. Shipboard observations made using cores and logs represent a substantial gain in fundamental knowledge about northern Zealandia, because only Deep Sea Drilling Project Sites 206, 207, and 208 had penetrated beneath upper Eocene strata within the region.The cored intervals at five sites (U1506-U1510) sampled nannofossil and foraminiferal ooze or chalk that contained volcanic or volcaniclastic intervals with variable clay content. Paleocene and Cretaceous sections range from more clay rich to predominantly claystone. At the final site (U1511), a sequence of abyssal clay and diatomite was recovered with only minor amounts of carbonate. The ages of strata at the base of each site were middle Eocene to Late Cretaceous, and our new results provide the first firm basis for defining formal lithostratigraphic units that can be mapped across a substantial part of northern Zealandia and related to onshore regions of New Caledonia and New Zealand.The material and data recovered during Expedition 371 enable primary scientific goals to be accomplished. All six sites provided new stratigraphic and paleogeographic information that can be put into context through regional seismic-stratigraphic interpretation and hence provide strong constraints on geodynamic models of subduction zone initiation. Our new observations can be directly related to the timing of plate deformation, the magnitude and timing of vertical motions, and the timing and type of volcanism. Secondary paleoclimate objectives were not all completed as planned, but significant new records of southwest Pacific climate were obtained.

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“…5 and 10). At least five sizeable gaps in the temporal coverage are present in the paleobiology, and we suggest that some of the temporal gaps are a result of the episodic orogenic events related to the Tasman Orogenic System in the Paleozoic, leading to the eastward growth of the Australian continent in an accretionary convergent margin setting (Coney et al, 1990;Crawford et al, 2003;Henderson et al, 2011;Solomon and Griffiths, 1972). The lack of fossil assemblages elsewhere in Australia is a result of biased sampling and the environment type at the time, and the denudation patterns that resulted in exposing cratonic portions of the continent to potentially remove Phanerozoic fossil-bearing sediments.…”

Section: Data Coverage and Resolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards community-driven paleogeographic reconstructions: integrating open-access paleogeographic and paleobiology data with plate tectonics

et al. 2013

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A variety of paleogeographic reconstructions have been published, with applications ranging from paleoclimate, ocean circulation and faunal radiation models to resource exploration; yet their uncertainties remain difficult to assess as they are generally presented as low-resolution static maps. We present a methodology for ground-truthing the digital Palaeogeographic Atlas of Australia by linking the GPlates plate reconstruction tool to the global Paleobiology Database and a Phanerozoic plate motion model. We develop a spatio-temporal data mining workflow to validate the Phanerozoic Palaeogeographic Atlas of Australia with paleoenvironments derived from fossil data. While there is general agreement between fossil data and the paleogeographic model, the methodology highlights key inconsistencies. The Early Devonian paleogeographic model of southeastern Australia insufficiently describes the Emsian inundation that may be refined using biofacies distributions. Additionally, the paleogeographic model and fossil data can be used to strengthen numerical models, such as the dynamic topography and the associated inundation of eastern Australia during the Cretaceous. Although paleobiology data provide constraints only for paleoenvironments with high preservation potential of organisms, our approach enables the use of additional proxy data to generate improved paleogeographic reconstructions

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120 to 0 Ma tectonic evolution of the southwest Pacific and analogous geological evolution of the 600 to 220 Ma Tasman Fold Belt System

Cited by 152 publications

References 77 publications

New Caledonia: a very old Darwinian island?

New Caledonia: a very old Darwinian island?

Untitled

Towards community-driven paleogeographic reconstructions: integrating open-access paleogeographic and paleobiology data with plate tectonics

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