13 Nematophagous Fungi

Herrera‐Estrella, Alfredo; Casas-Flores, Sergio; Kubicek, Christian P.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-29532-9_13

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 125 publications

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“…The presence of parasitic forms (eggs, oocysts, and larvae) triggers predatory fungi hyphae germination and colonization of the fecal and surrounding soil's microenvironments, with the final attachment to the oocyst/ egg capsule prompting the first stage of ovicidal/coccidicidal activity 18,25,34 . This can be considered one of the most critical stages of the whole ovicidal process, together with the penetration of the parasite's capsule, since fungi need to compete against other fecal and soil commensal microorganisms, attach on the parasite capsule and penetrate it through mechanical (appressorium and haustorium) and enzymatic activity (e.g., proteases, chitinases, collagenases and lipases) 25,[44][45][46][47] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the efficacy of the ovicidal fungus Mucor circinelloides in reducing coccidia parasitism in peacocks

Lozano,

Almeida,

Vicente

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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The biological control of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites using predatory fungi has been recently proposed as an accurate and sustainable approach in birds. The current study aimed to assess for the first time the efficacy of using the native ovicidal fungus Mucor circinelloides (FMV-FR1) in reducing coccidia parasitism in peacocks. For this purpose, an in vivo trial was designed in the resident peacock collection (n = 58 birds) of the São Jorge Castle, at Lisbon, Portugal. These animals presented an initial severe infection by coccidia of the genus Eimeria (20106 ± 8034 oocysts per gram of feces, OPG), and thus received commercial feed enriched with a M. circinelloides suspension (1.01 × 108 spores/kg feed), thrice-weekly. Fresh feces were collected every 15 days to calculate the coccidia shedding, using the Mini-FLOTAC technique. The same bird flock served simultaneously as control (t0 days) and test groups (t15–t90 days). The average Eimeria sp. shedding in peacocks decreased up to 92% following fungal administrations, with significant reduction efficacies of 78% (p = 0.004) and 92% (p = 0.012) after 45 and 60 days, respectively. Results from this study suggest that the administration of M. circinelloides spores to birds is an accurate solution to reduce their coccidia parasitism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the efficacy of the ovicidal fungus Mucor circinelloides in reducing coccidia parasitism in peacocks

Lozano,

Almeida,

Vicente

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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“…Pirin1_78560; PIIN_07753 in Si and Sebve1_327649 in Sv), fungal hydrophobins (Pirin1_77300; PIIN_06495 in Si and Sebve1_328749 in Sv), and secreted Egh16-like virulence factors (Pirin1_75341; PIIN_04536 in Si and Sebve1_ 330942 in Sv). Hydrophobins play a role in both plant colonization and mycoparasitic fungus-fungus interactions (Guzmán-Guzmán et al, 2017) and homologs of Egh16-like virulence factors are associated with cell wall remodelling and appressoria-mediated host penetration in plant, insect, and animal colonizing fungi (Xue et al, 2002;Grell et al, 2003;Cao et al, 2012;Herrera-Estrella et al, 2016;Huang et al, 2019;Shang et al, 2021), suggesting a dual function in plant colonization and mycoparasitism. Additionally, we found several genes encoding for proteins with conserved DELD motifs (Lahrmann et al, 2013) to be upregulated in planta and during confrontation with Bs.…”

Section: Endophytes Display Conserved Transcriptional Responses To Pl...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-resolved transcriptomics reveal a mechanism of host niche defense: beneficial root endophytes deploy a host-protective antimicrobial GH18-CBM5 chitinase

Eichfeld,

Mahdi,

De Quattro

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Associations between plants and beneficial root-endophytic fungi enhance plant performance by improving nutrient uptake, abiotic stress tolerance and disease resistance. To successfully colonize different host plants and defend their host niche against competing microbes, but also to cooperate with beneficial bacterial members of the microbiota, root endophytes such as Sebacinales secrete a multitude of tightly regulated effector-proteins and carbohydrate-active enzymes. However, the functions, specificity, and regulation of these proteins remain poorly understood. In this study, we employ time-resolved transcriptomics to analyse the gene expression profiles of two Sebacinales members interacting with organisms from different kingdoms of life. We identified crucial genes for plant colonization and intermicrobial competition, including a fungal GH18-CBM5 chitinase specifically upregulated in response to the phytopathogenic fungus Bipolaris sorokiniana. This chitinase protects the plant hosts against the pathogen, reducing fungal biomass and disease symptoms in barley and Arabidopsis thaliana. Our findings shed light on interaction partner specific gene expression in Sebacinales endophytes, with potential applications in enhancing plant health and resilience.

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“…From the observations of the present investigation, it was evident that T. harzianum NFCF160 and T. virens Isf-77 manage and suppress the spread of nematodes by employing the trapping as mentioned above and infective mechanisms (production of non-constricting rings, adhesive knobs and adhesive spores). Eventually, these fungi would parasitize on the nematode, finally leading them to death, as mentioned by Herrera-Estrella et al (2016). Therefore, these two fungal species can be used as effective biocontrol agents in sustainable agriculture.…”

Section: Formation Of Adhesive Spores and Adhesive Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppression and management of Meloidogyne incognita in soil using Trichoderma harzianum NFCF160 and Trichoderma virens Isf-77

Rajakaruna¹,

Undugoda²,

Kannangara³

et al. 2022

MJM

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Aims: Meloidogyne incognita adversely affects numerous crop plants worldwide. Therefore, the modern world has been moving towards biocontrol methods to prevent nematode attacks. This study was aimed to (i) investigate the potential use of Trichoderma harzianum NFCF160 and T. virens Isf-77 in managing M. incognita in soil and (ii) identify trapping mechanisms employed by both Trichoderma strains to suppress M. incognita. Methodology and results: Three weeks old, Basella alba L. plants were subjected to five different treatments. The above and below ground growth parameters and the galling indices of these plants were measured every four weeks for three sampling times. Trapping mechanisms employed by Trichoderma strains were examined following plate assays. Plants treated with T. harzianum NFCF160 and T. virens Isf-77 had significantly higher values for the total number of leaves (34 ± 2.84) and (27 ± 2.61), fresh weight of the shoot (81 ± 9.51 g) and (91 ± 9.70 g), dry weight of the shoot (71 ± 5.24 g) and (62 ± 5.81 g), respectively eight weeks after inoculation of M. incognita. Significantly low galling indices (2 and 2) were recorded in B. alba treated with Trichoderma strains. Both Trichoderma strains exhibited various nematodetrapping mechanisms, such as non-constricting rings and adhesive spores. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: This investigation highlighted the potential of both Trichoderma strains as biocontrol agents to control M. incognita effect in sustainable agriculture.

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13 Nematophagous Fungi

Cited by 5 publications

References 125 publications

Assessing the efficacy of the ovicidal fungus Mucor circinelloides in reducing coccidia parasitism in peacocks

Assessing the efficacy of the ovicidal fungus Mucor circinelloides in reducing coccidia parasitism in peacocks

Time-resolved transcriptomics reveal a mechanism of host niche defense: beneficial root endophytes deploy a host-protective antimicrobial GH18-CBM5 chitinase

Suppression and management of Meloidogyne incognita in soil using Trichoderma harzianum NFCF160 and Trichoderma virens Isf-77

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