137Cs as a tracer of recent sedimentary processes in Lake Michigan

Cahill, Richard A.; Steele, John D.

doi:10.1007/bf00026641

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

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The effects of sampling design on estimating the magnitude and distribution of contaminated sediments in a large reservoir

Pearson

Rose

2000

Environmetrics

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We simulated the sampling of 026 Cs inventory "pCi:cm 1 # in Lower Watts Bar Reservoir to evaluate the e}ects of di}erent sampling designs on the estimation of the magnitude of 026 Cs contamination in the reservoir and to determine if the spatial pattern of contamination a}ected the performance of alternative sampling designs[ Sampling designs evaluated were random\ strati_ed random\ systematic\ and transect[ These sampling designs were evaluated by creating multiple realizations of each design and sample size\ and comparing the bias\ variance\ mean squared error "MSE#\ and per cent error in estimates of mean 026 Cs inventory\ 84th percentile of 026 Cs inventory\ and percentage of bottom sediments having 026 Cs level × 399 pCi:cm 1 [ Two alternative spatial maps of 026 Cs inventory were used because the spatial distribution of 026 Cs is uncertain[ Increasing sample size beyond 149 for random and systematic designs resulted in little further reduction in MSE\ variance\ or bias of estimates of the three parameters[ Variance generally contributed to MSE more than bias for random and systematic designs\ whereas bias was important with transect sampling[ The performance of random and systematic sampling varied minimally between the two maps[ Transect sampling yielded inconsistent results due to bias not decreasing with increasing sample size[ Strati_cation did not result in substantial reductions in MSE compared to simple random or systematic sampling[ The per cent error of estimates of the percentage × 399 pCi:cm 1 were larger than estimates of the mean or 84th percentile of 026 Cs inventory[ A staged sampling approach is recommended\ with the _rst stage being determination of the spatial heterogeneity of the parameter of interest[ Copyright Þ 1990 John Wiley + Sons\ Ltd[KEY WORDS] sampling techniques^spatial patterns^radioactive contaminants^lake sediments^bias^accu! racy^per cent error

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The effects of sampling design on estimating the magnitude and distribution of contaminated sediments in a large reservoir

Pearson

Rose

2000

Environmetrics

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Radionuclide activities and metal concentrations in sediments of the Sebou Estuary, NW Morocco, following a flooding event

Laissaoui

Mas

Hurtado

et al. 2012

Environ Monit Assess

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This study presents metal concentrations (Fe, Mg, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, Pb, As, Sr and V) and radionuclide activities ((40)K, (137)Cs, (210)Pb, (226)Ra, (228)Ac, (234)Th and (212)Pb) in surface deposits and a sediment core from the Sebou Estuary, Northwest Morocco. Samples were collected in April 2009, about 2 months after a flooding event, and analysed using a well-type coaxial gamma-ray detector and inductively coupled plasma-quadrupole mass spectrometry. Activities of radionuclides and concentrations of almost all elements in surface samples displayed only moderate spatial variation, suggesting homogenous deposition of eroded local soil in response to intense precipitation. Excess (210)Pb displayed relatively constant activity throughout the sediment core, preventing dating and precluding determination of the historical accumulation rates of pollutants at the core site. Some elements showed non-systematic trends with depth and displayed local maxima and minima. Other elements presented relatively systematic concentration trends or relatively constant levels with discrete maxima and/or minima. Except for Mn, Sr and Cr, all metal concentrations in sediment were below levels typical of polluted systems, suggesting little human impact or losses of metals from sediment particles.

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Radioactivity in the great lakes

Joshi

1991

Science of The Total Environment

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137Cs as a tracer of recent sedimentary processes in Lake Michigan

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

The effects of sampling design on estimating the magnitude and distribution of contaminated sediments in a large reservoir

The effects of sampling design on estimating the magnitude and distribution of contaminated sediments in a large reservoir

Radionuclide activities and metal concentrations in sediments of the Sebou Estuary, NW Morocco, following a flooding event

Radioactivity in the great lakes

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