13C/12C Ratio in Peat Cores: Record of Past Climates

Skrzypek, G.; Jedrysek, M-O.

doi:10.1007/3-540-26531-7_7

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Due to the high preservation of organic matter in acid bogs, peat may form depth deposits. Peat could serve as an archive of past vegetation (Akagi et al, 2004;Skrzypek and Jędrysek, 2005), particularly their sulfur isotopic composition. However, it is not clear how far the δ 34 S of peat reflects original stable isotopic composition of peatforming plants.…”

Section: Reported δmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable isotope studies of moss sulfur and sulfate from bog surface waters

et al. 2008

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Two moss genera (Sphagnum and Polytrichum) were collected seasonally in two close (~0.45 km distance) but environmentally different locations, an Open bog and a Spruce forest at Hala Izerska (the Izerskie Mts./SW Poland), for the stable isotope analyses of plant in-body sulfur. Simultaneously, surface water was collected in places of moss growth and along the creek discharging the bog, for stable isotope analysis of sulfate sulfur (5 locations/5 times in growing seasons). The δ 34 S value of the analyzed mosses varies from 3.99 to 10.24‰ for Sphagnum and from 4.18 to 6.48‰ for Polytrichum. The δ 34 S value of aqueous sulfate in creek waters, depending on location and season, ranges from 3.72 to 20.26‰. The significant correlation between the plant in-body sulfur concentration and the isotopic composition was observed for Sphagnum as well as loose correlation between δ 34 S of sulfates in surface water and moss in-body sulfur. The fractionation factor, possibly caused by two processes of sulfate assimilation by Sphagnum and sulfate reduction by bacteria, calculated based on Rayleigh's distillation model equals about 4‰. The high correlation and simultaneous increase of δ 34 S(SO 4 2-) and δ 13 C(DIC) values downstream the creek discharging the bog suggest that the lighter isotopes of carbon and sulfur ( 12 C and 32 S) are preferentially removed, probably due to assimilation by plants. The present results imply the original signature of the source of sulfur in the environment is greatly altered by the biological activities in bog water.

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Section: Reported δmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable isotope studies of moss sulfur and sulfate from bog surface waters

et al. 2008

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“…In total, 116 subsamples were used for the geochemical analyses. Peat elemental composition and stoichiometry, as well as δ 13 C and δ 15 N signatures were measured to describe the local/regional environmental changes (paleohydrology, Skrzypek & Jedrysek, 2005) peat decomposition (using C:N ratios and stable isotopes as indicators, Biester et al, 2014), and to reconstruct inputs from atmospheric deposition (e.g. dust, Biester et al, 2012), and nutrient contents and stoichiometry (Wang et al, 2015).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How degraded are the peatland and forest ecosystems in the Bieszczady Mountains (Central Europe)? An assessment using long‐term records

et al. 2022

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Peatland and forest ecosystems located in the Bieszczady Mts. (Carpathians, Central Europe) have been affected by human activity since the Neolithic, with this impact intensifying over time. We conducted long-term studies to: (i) determine past peatland and forest development and current ecological state; (ii) assess the role of different factors that influenced ecosystem development over the last 3750 years; and(iii) determine natural reference conditions as a basis for the restoration of degraded mountain bogs and forests in the region. High-resolution multi-proxy palaeoecological analyses (plant macrofossils, pollen, testate amoebae, macro and microcharcoal, peat stoichiometry and stable isotopes), supported by radiocarbon dating, were performed on peat cores from an ombrotrophic peatland. Our study revealed that the peatland and forest ecosystems have been impacted by both climate change and human activity (fires, deforestation, and grazing) over the past 3750 years and that massive deforestation took place 400 years ago. Changes in forest composition led to the intensification in erosion between 3700-1500 cal. BP and over the past 350 years. Drainage resulted in hydrological disturbances but did neither stop the peat formation process nor decreased the abundance of species forming the natural peat plant communities indicative of oligotrophic conditions. However, hydrological disturbances shifted peat plant composition to dry-adapted species (e.g. dwarf shrubs, Pinus sylvestris). Average water level depth fluctuated between ca. 10 and 25 cm over the last 3750 years; thus these are conditions that could be considered as hydrological reference for restoration measures. Our approach to identify natural reference conditions may be expanded to peatlands from other temperate mountain ranges.

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“…Before the carbon isotope analyses, the material was dried and washed with a 0.3M HCl solution in order to remove inorganic carbon phases. The material was combusted with CuO wire, under a vacuum at 900°C, using the sealed quartz tube method (Skrzypek and Jêdrysek, 2005). The CO 2 obtained was cryogenically purified prior to transfer to a mass spectrometer.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elemental and organic carbon proxies for redox conditions of the Oligocene formations in the Ropa Tectonic Window (Outer Carpathians, Poland): palaeoenvironmental implications

Wójcik-Tabol

2017

ASGP

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The Oligocene Grybów Succession is recognized as a counterpart of the anoxic Menilite Formation. Its comprehensive geochemical investigations are made in the key sections of the Ropa Tectonic Window (the Grybów Unit, Polish Outer Carpathians). The maceral assemblages, dominated by land-plant liptinite, vitrinite and intertinite, correspond to kerogen types II and III. A Tmax vs. HI diagram shows terrestrial kerogen type II with various additions of type III and algal kerogen type I. A variation in d 13 Corg. (from -25.21 to -27.38‰) may have resulted from variations in the composition of organic matter (the content of terrestrial vs. marine organic matter), controlled by depositional setting (turbidite vs. hemipelagic). The highest TOC contents are associated with an enhanced influx of land-derived organic matter. The redox-sensitive trace elements positively correlate with TOC and TS contents. Redox conditions varied between oxic and anoxic, as was concluded from TOC-TS, V/(V+Ni) and U/Th. The turbidity currents might have ventilated the bottom waters, especially more efficiently in the proximal zone of turbidite sedimentation. Moreover, oxygenated bottom waters may have also affected the concentration of trace metals, owing to migration of the redox interface downward within the sediments.

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13C/12C Ratio in Peat Cores: Record of Past Climates

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

Stable isotope studies of moss sulfur and sulfate from bog surface waters

Stable isotope studies of moss sulfur and sulfate from bog surface waters

How degraded are the peatland and forest ecosystems in the Bieszczady Mountains (Central Europe)? An assessment using long‐term records

Elemental and organic carbon proxies for redox conditions of the Oligocene formations in the Ropa Tectonic Window (Outer Carpathians, Poland): palaeoenvironmental implications

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