13C-NMR analysis of decomposing litter and fine roots in the semi-arid Mulga Lands of southern Queensland

Mathers, Nicole; Jalota, Rajesh K.; Dalal, Ram C.; Boyd, Sue E.

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.11.009

Cited by 106 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Moreover, this pattern is consistent with previous experimental evidence assessed by 13 C NMR about molecular changes in decomposing litter or maturing compost (e.g. Mathers et al 2007;Spaccini and Piccolo 2007;Bonanomi et al 2013), which showed selective preservation of some molecular classes in respect to other ones.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…NMR spectra were obtained with MAS as follows: rotor spin, 13,000 Hz; recycle time, 1 s; contact time, 1 ms; acquisition time, 20 ms and 2000 scans (Smejkalova et al 2008). Spectral regions significantly associated with plant litter decay rate (Mathers et al 2007;Pane et al 2011;Bonanomi et al 2013) were integrated for semiquantitative carbon molecular distribution as shown earlier (Piccolo et al 2005): 0-45 ppm = alkyl C; 46-60 ppm = methoxyl and N-alkyl C; 61-90 ppm = O-alkyl C; 91-110 ppm = di-O-alkyl C.…”

Section: C-cpmas Nmrmentioning

confidence: 99%

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OMDY: a new model of organic matter decomposition based on biomolecular content as assessed by 13C-CPMAS-NMR

et al. 2016

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Background and Aims\ud \ud Modelling organic matter decomposition is fundamental to understand biogeochemical cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. Current models use C/N or Lignin/N ratios to describe susceptibility to decomposition, or implement separate C pools decaying with different rates, disregarding biomolecular transformations and interactions and their effect on decomposition dynamics. We present a new process-based model of decomposition including a description of biomolecular dynamics obtained by 13C-CPMAS NMR spectroscopy.\ud \ud Methods\ud \ud Baseline decay rates for relevant molecular classes and intermolecular protection were calibrated by best fitting of experimental data from leaves of 20 plant species decomposing for 180 days in controlled optimal conditions. The model was validated against field data from leaves of 32 plant species decomposing for 1-year at four sites in Mediterranean ecosystems.\ud \ud Results\ud \ud Simulations correctly reproduced mass loss data and variations of selected molecular classes both in controlled conditions and in the field, for a wide range of plant molecular composition and environmental conditions.\ud \ud Conclusions\ud \ud Our innovative approach accurately predicted decomposition of a wide range of litters across different climates. Prediction accuracy emerged from the species-specific partitioning of molecular types and from the representation of intermolecular interactions. Further application should be planned in other ecosystems based on long-term decomposition datasets

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: C-cpmas Nmrmentioning

confidence: 99%

OMDY: a new model of organic matter decomposition based on biomolecular content as assessed by 13C-CPMAS-NMR

et al. 2016

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“…Each 13 C-CPMAS NMR spectrum was automatically integrated to calculate the area of the peaks which appeared in the chosen region. Spectral regions have been selected and C-types identified in previous reference studies (Lorenz et al, 2000;Kögel-Knabner, 2002;Mathers et al, 2007;Pane et al, 2011: 0-45 ) and Mathers et al (2007). Moreover, a new index was calculated as the ratio between two restricted regions of O-alkyl C and methoxyl and N alkyl C (i.e.…”

Section: Litter Chemical Analyses and 13 C-cpmas Nmr Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytotoxicity, not nitrogen immobilization, explains plant litter inhibitory effects: evidence from solid‐state ¹³C NMR spectroscopy

et al. 2011

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Summary• Litter decomposition provides nutrients that sustain ecosystem productivity, but litter may also hamper root proliferation. The objectives of this work were to assess the inhibitory effect of litter decomposition on seedling growth and root proliferation; to study the role of nutrient immobilization and phytotoxicity; and to characterize decomposing litter by 13 C NMR spectroscopy.• A litter-bag experiment was carried out for 180 d with 16 litter types. Litter inhibitory effects were assessed by two bioassays: seed germination and root proliferation bioassays. Activated carbon (C) and nutrient solutions were used to evaluate the effects of phytotoxic factors and nutrient immobilization.• An inhibitory effect was found for all species in the early phase of decomposition, followed by a decrease over time. The addition of activated C to litter removed this inhibition. No evidence of nutrient immobilization was found in the analysis of nitrogen dynamics. NMR revealed consistent chemical changes during decomposition, with a decrease in O-alkyl and an increase in alkyl and methoxyl C.• Significant correlations were found among inhibitory effects, the litter decay rate and indices derived from NMR. The results show that it is possible to predict litter inhibitory effects across a range of litter types on the basis of their chemical composition.

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“…Current conceptual models predict changes in litter chemistry over the course of decomposition from initial litter chemistry and the extent of mass loss (Couteaux et al 1995;Wolf and Wagner 1998;Berg 2000;Quideau et al 2005; Moorhead and Sinsabaugh 2006;Mathers et al 2007;Berg and McClaugherty 2008). These models suggest consistent changes in the chemical structure of organic matter (e.g., initial increases in N due to immobilization followed by declines in cellulose and relative increases in lignin) as litter passes through the 'decomposer funnel' (Baldock et al 1992;Gregorich et al 1996;Moorhead and Sinsabaugh 2006;Herman et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management intensity alters decomposition via biological pathways

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et al. 2010

Biogeochemistry

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Current conceptual models predict that changes in plant litter chemistry during decomposition are primarily regulated by both initial litter chemistry and the stage-or extent-of mass loss. Far less is known about how variations in decomposer community structure (e.g., resulting from different ecosystem management types) could influence litter chemistry during decomposition. Given the recent agricultural intensification occurring globally and the importance of litter chemistry in regulating soil organic matter storage, our objectives were to determine the potential effects of agricultural management on plant litter chemistry and decomposition rates, and to investigate possible links between ecosystem management, litter chemistry and decomposition, and decomposer community composition and activity. We measured decomposition rates, changes in litter chemistry, extracellular enzyme activity, microarthropod communities, and bacterial versus fungal relative abundance in replicated conventional-till, no-till, and old field agricultural sites for both corn and grass litter. After one growing season, litter decomposition under conventional-till was 20% greater than in old field communities. However, decomposition rates in no-till were not significantly different from those in old field or conventional-till sites. After decomposition, grass residue in both conventional-and no-till systems was enriched in total polysaccharides relative to initial litter, while grass litter decomposed in old fields was enriched in nitrogen-bearing compounds and lipids. These differences corresponded with differences in decomposer communities, which also exhibited strong responses to both litter and management type. Overall, our results indicate that agricultural intensification can increase litter decomposition rates, alter decomposer communities, and influence litter chemistry in ways that could have important and long-term effects on soil organic matter dynamics. We suggest that future efforts to more accurately predict soil carbon dynamics under different management regimes may need to explicitly consider how changes in litter chemistry during decomposition are influenced by the specific metabolic capabilities of the extant decomposer communities.

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13C-NMR analysis of decomposing litter and fine roots in the semi-arid Mulga Lands of southern Queensland

Cited by 106 publications

References 41 publications

OMDY: a new model of organic matter decomposition based on biomolecular content as assessed by 13C-CPMAS-NMR

OMDY: a new model of organic matter decomposition based on biomolecular content as assessed by 13C-CPMAS-NMR

Phytotoxicity, not nitrogen immobilization, explains plant litter inhibitory effects: evidence from solid‐state ¹³C NMR spectroscopy

Management intensity alters decomposition via biological pathways

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13C-NMR analysis of decomposing litter and fine roots in the semi-arid Mulga Lands of southern Queensland

Cited by 106 publications

References 41 publications

OMDY: a new model of organic matter decomposition based on biomolecular content as assessed by 13C-CPMAS-NMR

OMDY: a new model of organic matter decomposition based on biomolecular content as assessed by 13C-CPMAS-NMR

Phytotoxicity, not nitrogen immobilization, explains plant litter inhibitory effects: evidence from solid‐state 13C NMR spectroscopy

Management intensity alters decomposition via biological pathways

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Phytotoxicity, not nitrogen immobilization, explains plant litter inhibitory effects: evidence from solid‐state ¹³C NMR spectroscopy