13C NMR spectroscopy of the insoluble carbon of carbonaceous chondrites

Cronin, John R.; Pizzarello, Sandra; Frye, James S.

doi:10.1016/0016-7037(87)90242-0

Cited by 106 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The kerogen and the olivine powder were mixed at a ratio of 200.5 mg/800.9 mg (V or /V sil = 0.65) as a starting material. Type III kerogen shows C/H molar ratio and 13 C-NMR spectrum similar to those of IOM in the Murchison meteorite (Miknis et al 1984;Cronin et al 1987). Kerogen of low volatile bituminous coal may, however, be more suitable for an analogue of IOM in the Murchison meteorite compared with the type III kerogen of semianthracite (Sephton et al 2004a).…”

Section: Type III Kerogenmentioning

confidence: 68%

Selective release of D and ¹³C from insoluble organic matter of the Murchison meteorite by impact shock

Mimura

Okamoto

Sugitani

et al. 2007

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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Abstract-We performed shock-recovery experiments on insoluble organic matter (IOM) purified from the Murchison meteorite, and determined the abundances and isotope ratios of hydrogen and carbon in the shocked IOM sample. We also performed shock experiments on type III kerogen and compared the results of these experiments with the experimental results regarding IOM.The shock selectively released D and 13 C from the IOM, while it preferably released H and 12 C from the kerogen. The release of these elements from IOM cannot be explained in terms of the isotope effect, whereas their release from kerogen can be explained by this effect. The selective release of heavier isotopes from IOM would be due to its structure, in which D and 13 C-enriched parts are present as an inhomogeneity and are weakly attached to the main network. Shock gave rise to a high release of D even at a lower degree of dehydrogenation compared with the stepwise heating of IOM. This effective release of D is probably an inherent result of shock, in which a dynamic highpressure and high-temperature condition prevails. Thus, shock would effectively control the hydrogen isotope behavior of extraterrestrial organic matter during the evolution of the solar nebula.

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Section: Type III Kerogenmentioning

confidence: 68%

Selective release of D and ¹³C from insoluble organic matter of the Murchison meteorite by impact shock

Mimura

Okamoto

Sugitani

et al. 2007

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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“…GRA powders weighing 3.994 g were extracted with water and dichloromethane (DCM)/MeOH (9∶1, vol∶vol) and demineralized as previously described (11). GRA-IOM weighed 45 mg, approximately 1.1% of the starting powders.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abundant ammonia in primitive asteroids and the case for a possible exobiology

Pizzarello

Williams

Lehman

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Carbonaceous chondrites are asteroidal meteorites that contain abundant organic materials. Given that meteorites and comets have reached the Earth since it formed, it has been proposed that the exogenous influx from these bodies provided the organic inventories necessary for the emergence of life. The carbonaceous meteorites of the Renazzo-type family (CR) have recently revealed a composition that is particularly enriched in small soluble organic molecules, such as the amino acids glycine and alanine, which could support this possibility. We have now analyzed the insoluble and the largest organic component of the CR2 Grave Nunataks (GRA) 95229 meteorite and found it to be of more primitive composition than in other meteorites and to release abundant free ammonia upon hydrothermal treatment. The findings appear to trace CR2 meteorites' origin to cosmochemical regimes where ammonia was pervasive, and we speculate that their delivery to the early Earth could have fostered prebiotic molecular evolution.

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“…The powders were further extracted with 20 mL of dichloromethane/ methanol (DCM/MeOH) (9:1, v:v), at 100 °C for 24 h and, upon decanting of the extract and drying, with 10 mL of 6N HCl at room temperature for 24 h with stirring. The extracted residue was demineralized by the method of Cronin et al (1987); the powders were briefly washed with an 8N HF/3N HCl solution in water, in Teflon containers at room temperature for 24 h with stirring, and followed by 6N HCl rinses. The process was repeated several times until powders showed a stable weight upon drying, and was followed by several water rinses and one last MeOH rinse.…”

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The insoluble carbonaceous material of CM chondrites: A possible source of discrete organic compounds under hydrothermal conditions

Yabuta

Williams

Cody

et al. 2007

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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Abstract-We report on the molecular analyses of the water-and solvent-soluble organic compounds released from the insoluble organic material (IOM) of the Murray meteorite upon treatment with weight-equivalent amounts of water and under conditions of elevated temperature and pressure. A varied suite of compounds was identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). C 3 -C 17 alkyl dicarboxylic acids and N-and O-containing hydroaromatic and aromatic compounds were found in the water extracts. The solvent extracts contained N-, O-, and S-containing aromatic compounds, a large number of their isomers and homologs, and a series of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) of up to five rings, together with noncondensed aromatic species such as substituted benzenes, biphenyl, and terphenyls as well as their substituted homologs, and hydrated PAHs. Isotopic analyses showed that residue IOMs after hydrothermal treatment had lower deuterium and 15 N content than the untreated material (ΔD = −833‰ and Δ 15 N = −24.1) but did not differ from it in 13 C composition. The effect of the hydrothermolytic release was recorded in significant differences between the NMR spectra of untreated and residue IOM. A possible relation to common precursors for the dicarboxylic acids found in the IOM and bulk extracts is discussed.

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13C NMR spectroscopy of the insoluble carbon of carbonaceous chondrites

Cited by 106 publications

References 31 publications

Selective release of D and ¹³C from insoluble organic matter of the Murchison meteorite by impact shock

Selective release of D and ¹³C from insoluble organic matter of the Murchison meteorite by impact shock

Abundant ammonia in primitive asteroids and the case for a possible exobiology

The insoluble carbonaceous material of CM chondrites: A possible source of discrete organic compounds under hydrothermal conditions

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13C NMR spectroscopy of the insoluble carbon of carbonaceous chondrites

Cited by 106 publications

References 31 publications

Selective release of D and 13C from insoluble organic matter of the Murchison meteorite by impact shock

Selective release of D and 13C from insoluble organic matter of the Murchison meteorite by impact shock

Abundant ammonia in primitive asteroids and the case for a possible exobiology

The insoluble carbonaceous material of CM chondrites: A possible source of discrete organic compounds under hydrothermal conditions

Contact Info

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Selective release of D and ¹³C from insoluble organic matter of the Murchison meteorite by impact shock

Selective release of D and ¹³C from insoluble organic matter of the Murchison meteorite by impact shock