14-day toxicity studies of tetravalent and pentavalent vanadium compounds in Harlan Sprague Dawley rats and B6C3F1/N mice via drinking water exposure

Abstract

BackgroundThe National Toxicology Program (NTP) performed short-term toxicity studies of tetra- and pentavalent vanadium compounds, vanadyl sulfate and sodium metavanadate, respectively. Due to widespread human exposure and a lack of chronic toxicity data, there is concern for human health following oral exposure to soluble vanadium compounds.ObjectivesTo compare the potency and toxicological profile of vanadyl sulfate and sodium metavanadate using a short-term in vivo toxicity assay.MethodsAdult male and female Harlan Sprague Dawley (HSD) rats and B6C3F1/N mice, 5 per group, were exposed to vanadyl sulfate or sodium metavanadate, via drinking water, at concentrations of 0, 125, 250, 500, 1000 or 2000 mg/L for 14 days. Water consumption, body weights and clinical observations were recorded throughout the study; organ weights were collected at study termination.ResultsLower water consumption, up to −80% at 2000 mg/L, was observed at most exposure concentrations for animals exposed to either vanadyl sulfate or sodium metavanadate and was accompanied by decreased body weights at the highest concentrations for both compounds. Animals in the 1000 and 2000 mg/L sodium metavanadate groups were removed early due to overt toxicity. Thinness was observed in high-dose animals exposed to either compound, while lethargy and abnormal gait were only observed in vanadate-exposed animals.ConclusionsBased on clinical observations and overt toxicity, sodium metavanadate appears to be more toxic than vanadyl sulfate. Differential toxicity cannot be explained by differences in total vanadium intake, based on water consumption, and may be due to differences in disposition or mechanism of toxicity.

Evaluation of the genotoxicity, cytotoxicity and antimalarial effect of sodium metavanadate po in a Plasmodium yoelii yoelii infected murine model

“…In the toxicity assay that was made in order to obtain working doses, mice presented diarrhea with MV of 15 and 20 mg/kg, these results agree with those reported by Llovet et al [ 19 ] and HSE [ 20 ] where MV caused intestinal, respiratory and nervous signs with both oral and intraperitoneal LD 50 (31 and 70 mg/kg respectively); in addition, Roberts et al [ 32 ] reported in Sprange Dawley, 18.1 mg/kg/day- and 16.1 mg/kg/day in B6C3F1/ mice, with lower doses compared with those use in this study, clinical manifestations such as: weight loss, ruffled coat, hunched posture, lethargy and abnormal gait. Therefore, 5 and 10 mg were chosen as working doses to continue with the experiments; with these doses, mice did not show clinical signs.…”

SelectedAspects of Iodate and Iodosalicylate Metabolism in Lettuce Including the Activity of Vanadium Dependent Haloperoxidases as Affected by Exogenous Vanadium

“…Excessive intake of vanadium is toxic for humans [9] and farm animals [10] with the effect dependent on the dose, duration of the exposure, and chemical form of V. Vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ) is the most toxic for human organisms, while the safest forms are vanadyl sulfate (VOSO 4 ) and metavanadate salts [11]. To date, the recommended daily allowance (RDA) for vanadium has not been determined [12].…”

Adsorption isotherms and kinetics of vanadium by shale and coal waste

“…For example, increased concentration of vanadium (5–10 mg/kg) reduces egg albumen quality (Wang et al., 2017). Vanadium compounds (sodium metavanadate) at elevated levels cause epididymis weight loss, sperm count loss in males, eye irritation and increases neoplastic cell growth (Llobet et al., 1993; Roberts et al., 2016).…”