14. Design of samples for international migration surveys: Methodological considerations and lessons learned from a multi-country study in Africa and Europe

Psychosocial Factors of Migration: Adaptation and Application of the Health Belief Model

“…sampling of census blocks), a screening phase followed to determine the eligibility of households and individuals for sampling and interviewing. Data were collected between June 1996 and December 1998 (Groenewold and Bilsborrow, ).…”

A Manifesto for Quantitative Multi-sited Approaches to International Migration

“…A methodological issue is that there is no standardized definition of absentees/migrants. Some surveys register migrants on the basis of social obligations and expectations, as for instance the case for the Push‐Pull project (Groenewold and Bilsborrow, ) that collected information on “ those who are presently residing elsewhere but whose principal commitments and obligations are to that household and who are expected to return to that household in the future or whose family will join them in the future .” Other surveys adopt residential criteria, as in the Network of Surveys on Migration and Urbanization in West Africa (NESMUWA) surveys that registered individuals who had previously lived in the household for at least 3 months and who had been living abroad for at least 6 months at the time of the survey (Bocquier, ). Another approach is to rely on family relationships: The MMP records all children of the household head, whatever their place of residence (in Mexico or abroad).…”

“…The multi‐sited approach is exemplified by the well‐known “ethnosurvey,” originally implemented in the case of Mexican migration to the U.S. (Massey, ), and then extended with methodological adaptations to flows from China, Poland, Latin America, and sub‐Saharan Africa (Sana and Conway, ). Other examples of multi‐sited quantitative surveys, include the following: the Push‐Pull project (Groenewold and Bilsborrow, ), The U.S.–Nigeria Migration Study (Osili, ), the Philippine Migration Study (Arnold, ), the Gender, Migration and Health among Hispanics study (Parrado, McQuiston et al ., ). Multi‐sited surveys have the great advantage of collecting data directly from migrants without relying on proxy respondents, generating much more information and greater accuracy than in the absentee approach .…”

The Practice of Using Household Surveys for Estimating Undeclared Emigration

“…It should be noted that the data source is rarely specifically designed to produce migration statistics -often being either an administrative system that produces statistical data as a by-product, or a statistical system that is frequently primarily designed to produce data on the phenomena other than migration (Thorogood, 2005). Although all of these systems can gather some information relevant to the description of international migration stocks and flows, and occasionally on certain limited characteristics of migrants, such as age, sex, country of birth or previous residence (if immigrant) or country of destination (if emigrant), the information is too limited for in-depth analysis of both the causes and the consequences of international migration, even if data from person-records in these systems could be linked (Groenewold, Bilsborrow, 2004).…”

“…one of the key shortcomings of these systems is that they do not collect data on the situation of migrants prior to their migration. With such limited data, it is difficult to gain an accurate understanding of the causes or consequences of migration for the migrants, their households, and for non-migrants and the larger society (Groenewold, Bilsborrow, 2004).…”