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Abstract

We determined the acute and chronic toxicity of aniline to tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus), cladoceran crusatcea (Moina micrura) and oligochaete worm (Branchiura sowerbyi) using static bioassay tests. The 96h LC50 values of aniline for O. mossambicus, M. micrura and B. sowerbyi were 69.4, 0.6 and 586 mg l(-1) respectively. Tilapia responded to even low concentrations of aniline: the fish lost appetite at aniline concentrations as low as 0.02 mg l(-1). A 90 d outdoor bioassay with tilapia showed that 0.02 mg l(-1) aniline reduced fish yield, specific growth rate and food conversion efficiency. Reproductive functions of fish were affected by aniline at a concentration of 0.5 mg l(-1) and above. Dissolved oxygen, primary productivity and plankton population of the test medium also were significantly reduced at 2.65 and 6.94 mg l(-1) aniline.

Critical review on the chemical reduction of nitroaniline

“…3 Owing to its hazardous nature and adverse effects, the National Environmental Protection Agency (NEPA) of the People's Republic of China enlisted 4-NA as a priority hazardous pollutant for aquatic life. 4,5 In terms of its direct inhalation and ingestion, the long term exposure to 4-NA can induce many health problems in humans, including dyspnea, irritability, vomiting, diarrhea, convulsions, respiratory arrest, anemia, and jaundice. 6 Keeping these concerns in mind, the elimination or removal of 4-NA from the aqueous reservoirs is a highly signicant process.…”

Polyethersulfone Mats Functionalized with Porphyrin for Removal of Para-nitroaniline from Aqueous Solution

“…Amines are used for many applications, but their release in the environment needs to be carefully monitored and controlled. Para-nitroaniline (p-NA) is a harmful compound due to its hematoxicity, splenotoxicity, hepatoxicity, and nephrotoxicity: accordingly, its dispersion in water strongly affects human health and represents a huge threat to the environment [1,2,3]. p-NA is resistant to chemical and biological oxidation degradation due to the presence of a nitro group linked to the aromatic ring.…”

Shape-Selective Adsorption of Substituted Aniline Pollutants from Wastewater

“…Aniline, 2-nitroaniline (2-NA), 3-nitroaniline (3-NA), and 4-nitroaniline (4-NA) are highly toxic, carcinogenic species that are widely used in azo dyes, paints, pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals (Damborsky and Wayne Schultz 1997;Bhunia et al 2003;Wang et al 2008). Aniline, for example, causes the transformation of haemoglobin to methaemoglobin, which has a lower affinity for oxygen than haemoglobin, and therefore reduces blood's ability to transport oxygen.…”

“…Such systems are particularly favourable because the pollutant is easily separated from the purified water by filtration of the pollutant-loaded solid adsorbent. Activated carbons (Derylo-Marczewska and Marczewski 2002;Li et al 2009a, b), polymer resin (Zheng et al 2007), clays (Ko et al 2007) and mesoporous oxides (Bibby and Mercier 2003;El-Safty et al 2012) have been used as adsorbents of various aniline-type compounds. Zeolites are high-surface area inorganic materials that have been used in areas such as heterogeneous catalysis, separation science and microelectronics.…”