“…Small populations are reported in islands in the Caribbean Sea, Pacific Ocean, and Indian Ocean, including St Johns, Bonaire, Hawaii, Inagua, Turks and Caicos, Antigua, Saint Kitts, and Nevis (The Donkey Sanctuary, unpublished data), most of which are likely to exist in low densities (i.e., <200 individuals; C. L. Clancy, The Donkey Sanctuary, unpublished data). In Europe, the mechanisation of transport and farming by the mid‐twentieth century led to a decline in donkey populations (Starkey and Starkey 2000). Various agricultural policies mitigated against the establishment of free‐roaming populations by keeping donkeys on the land under some form of guardianship (Collins et al 2015, 2018), although several very small free‐roaming populations exist, mostly introduced for conservation grazing purposes.…”