17. Derivatives of Cellulose

Abstract

Cellulose is mainly utilized in a more or less purified condition in the form of paper and paperboard. But derivatives having properties different from those of cellulose are also used in numerous fields. In some cases the derivatives are only intermediates for transforming the state of cellulose (e.g. for the production of threads and foils). (Fig. 17-1). Cellulose can be regarded as a polyalcoholic compound as each glucose unit within the molecular chain bears three hydroxylic groups (-» 4.2.1.). Cellulose, however, is a solid-state polyalcohol, most of its OH-groups being linked by hydrogen bonds (-» 4.2.4.). Nevertheless the OH-groups may react like those from other alcohols forming various derivatives. Thus the formation of esters with inorganic and organic acids, ethers with other alcohols, alcoholates with bases, oxidation products (acids), halogenides, amines, complexes etc. is possible