174 Force and Emg Responses to Eccentric and Concentric Resistive Exercise Training

Horiobagyi, T.; Hill, Julie; Lambert, N. J.; Israel, R.

doi:10.1249/00005768-199405001-00175

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The "passivity" of the additional forces is obvious, since lower EMG activities (Ecc/Con ratio < 1) were demonstrated in spite of higher maximum strength. Earlier studies by Hortobagyi, Komi, and Kronberg already showed lower EMG-activities under eccentric exercise of a muscle group of healthy subjects [14,19,20]. As a limitation, it must be noted that the group-specific effect of paralysis time or training level on a basis of concurrent influence of MVC was not recognized, since the eccentric and concentric activities were set each in relation to MVC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…supraspinatus, deltoideus, subscapularis, pectoralis major, and the middle segment of the M. trapezius, improvement in local muscle endurance should be the goal [27]. The eccentric form of exercise is considered beneficial as part of training and also in rehabilitation since test results on isolated frog muscle [7,11] and in untrained subjects [10,14,18,19] demonstrated higher maximum strength and improved muscular fatigue. The results of the present study lead to the conclusion that the eccentric form of exercise is also favourable for paraplegics, since lower muscular fatigue can also be assumed in these patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, passive elasticity forces due to stretching of serial elastic elements are considered to be the cause of the lower muscular fatigue with concurrent lower metabolic and cardiocirculatory stress [7,11,19]. This assumption is supported by EMG measurements, since less EMG activity has been found under eccentric conditions in spite of higher strength development [14,19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Differentiation is thereby made between the improvement in maximum strength and muscle endurance on the one hand and measures to improve muscle coordination on the other. The eccentric form of exercise may be considered beneficial in theory, since it is known from studies on healthy subjects that less muscular fatigue occurs in spite of higher maximum strength and muscle tension [10,14,18,22]. Moreover, the overall metabolic and cardiovascular stress is lower in eccentric than in concentric forms of exercise [12,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Muscular Fatigue, Maximum Strength an Stress Reactions of the Shoulder Musculature in Paraplegics

Mayer¹,

Bilow²,

Horstmann³

et al. 1999

Int J Sports Med

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In paraplegic patients, shoulder complaints attributable to muscle dysbalances arising from the particular daily form of exercise are often observed. The goal of therapy is to correct these imbalances through muscular training, whereby eccentric exercise might offer advantages due to lower fatigue with concurrent higher maximum strength. This study therefore examines muscle fatigue, maximum strength, and suitability for paraplegics of eccentric exercise of the shoulder. Muscle fatigue, isokinetic peak torque, and EMG activity were determined eccentric (Ecc) and concentric (Con) in 41 paraplegic subjects (13 early rehabilitants; 16 trained in wheelchair sports; 12 untrained). Serum CK, myoglobin, and subjective pain were collected for one week after exercise. In eccentric exercise, there was less muscle fatigue in all groups. Highest Ecc/Con peak torque ratio was found in trained subjects in all movements, followed by the untrained and the early rehabilitants. EMG-activity was lower in eccentric compared to concentric exercise (Ecc/Con ratio <1). CK and myoglobin concentrations, like pain symptoms, showed a marked increase after exercise. It is concluded that the Ecc/Con strength patterns among paraplegics are altered. Eccentric exercise offers advantages on the basis of lower muscular fatigue independent of training status and lesion time and higher maximum strength with increasing duration of paraplegia and additional athletic training. However, due to structural damage and subjective pain eccentric exercise can only be recommended with reservations in therapy and training.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Muscular Fatigue, Maximum Strength an Stress Reactions of the Shoulder Musculature in Paraplegics

Mayer¹,

Bilow²,

Horstmann³

et al. 1999

Int J Sports Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, there appears growing evidence of a specificity effect. Thus, eccentric training Downloaded by [JAMES COOK UNIVERSITY] at 06:42 17 March 2015 leads to greater increase in eccentric contractile strength, whereas concentric training leads to greater concentric strength (Higbie et al, 1994;Hortobagyi et al, 1994).…”

Section: Training Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive (Concentric) and negative (Eccentric) muscular activity: A review

Rorke

1995

Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation

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Metabolic and Cardiocirculatory Reactions after Concentric and Eccentric Exercise of the Shoulder

Mayer¹,

Axmann²,

Horstmann³

et al. 1999

Int J Sports Med

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Lower metabolic and cardiocirculatory reactions to eccentric compared to concentric exercise are known for large muscle groups. The extent of exercise reaction depends on the muscle mass involved and moreover differs between the various muscle groups, while it is unclear to which extent cardiovascular and metabolic reactions and differences between the types of work exist in the shoulder, also it is not known whether these reactions differ according to training status. Lactate production (LA), heart rate (HR), and blood pressure (BP) were examined following eccentric and concentric shoulder movements in 16 male gymnasts (GN) and 15 male untrained subjects (US). Differentiation was made according to the types of work for peak torque (PT) and local muscle endurance (LME). Following eccentric exercise, the increase of LA and HR was clearly lower than following concentric exercise (p<0.05). No difference was observed between the groups. Diastolic BP showed no changes, whereas systolic BP was higher following concentric exercise. Eccentric PT was higher than concentric PT in GN within a test-retest variability of 15%. LME showed a lower degree of fatigue under eccentric conditions, independent of the group. It is concluded that eccentric exercise of the shoulder leads to lower metabolic and cardiocirculatory reactions than concentric exercise, in spite of higher peak torque and less fatigue. Exercises consisting of a high proportion of eccentric movement may thus be beneficial in the therapy of shoulder complaints, especially in patients with cardiovascular disease.

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174 Force and Emg Responses to Eccentric and Concentric Resistive Exercise Training

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Muscular Fatigue, Maximum Strength an Stress Reactions of the Shoulder Musculature in Paraplegics

Muscular Fatigue, Maximum Strength an Stress Reactions of the Shoulder Musculature in Paraplegics

Positive (Concentric) and negative (Eccentric) muscular activity: A review

Metabolic and Cardiocirculatory Reactions after Concentric and Eccentric Exercise of the Shoulder

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