18F-FDG PET/CT in Patients with Vulvar and Vaginal Cancer: A Preliminary Study of 20 Cases

Gouveia, Petra; Pinto, Adriana Sá; Violante, Liliana; Teixeira, Ricardo; Petiz, Almerinda; Duarte, Luís Hugo

doi:10.20344/amp.12510

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…PET is a functional imaging technique that utilizes a radiotracer, typically a radioactive glucose analog called F18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), to identify malignant tumors which consume more glucose than benign tissue, a phenomenon known as the Warburg effect. All published studies to date demonstrate the consistent utility of PET in detecting lymph nodes and distant metastases from vulvar carcinoma [12][13][14][15][16][19][20][21][22]30,31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Preoperative Management of Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma: An Overview

Della Corte,

Cafasso,

Guarino

et al. 2024

Cancers

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Vulvar carcinoma is a rare cancer affecting the genital tract, constituting 4% of gynecological tumors. Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) is the most common type. Diagnosis relies on biopsy during vulvoscopy, plus imaging such as ultrasonography (USG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET). This review aims to lay out a thorough overview as to the current preoperative management of VSCC, both in case of vulvar and lymph node involvement. The data research was conducted using the following databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Sciences, Scopus, ClinicalTrial.gov, OVID and Cochrane Library from 2010 to 2024. The selection criteria included only original articles. Seventeen studies were assessed for eligibility. A concordance rate of 62.3% for vHSIL and 65.2% for carcinoma at vulvoscopy, with a sensitivity of 98%, specificity of 40%, PPV (Positive Predictive Value) of 37% and NPV (Negative Predictive Value) of 98% in identifying malignant lesions was found. Regarding the reliability of PET for staging and assessing lymph node involvement, a mean SUV (Standardized Uptake Value) for malignant vulvar lesions of 8.4 (range 2.5–14.7) was reported. In the case of MRI, useful for the evaluation of loco-regional infiltration and lymph node involvement, the ratio of the short-to-long-axis diameter and the reader’s diagnostic confidence for the presence of lymph node metastasis yielded accuracy of 84.8% and 86.9%, sensitivity of 86.7% and 87.5%, specificity of 81.3% and 86.2%, PPV of 89.7% and 87.5% and NPV of 76.5% and 86.2%, respectively. A long lymph node axis >10 mm and a short diameter > 5.8 mm were found to be predictors of malignancy. At USG, instead, the two main characteristics of potentially malignant lymph nodes are cortical thickness and short axis length; the combination of these ultrasound parameters yielded the highest accuracy in distinguishing between negative and positive lymph nodes. Despite the heterogeneity of the included studies and the lack of randomized clinical trials, this review provides a broad overview of the three imaging tools used for the presurgical management of VSCC. Nowadays, although MRI and PET represent the gold standard, ultrasound evaluation is taking on a growing role, as long as it is carried out by expert sonographer. The management of this rare disease should be always performed by a multidisciplinary team in order to precisely stage the tumor and determine the most suitable treatment approach.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Preoperative Management of Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma: An Overview

Della Corte,

Cafasso,

Guarino

et al. 2024

Cancers

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“…The range of sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of FDG PET/CT for vulvar staging was found to be 50-100%, 65.5-89%, and 59-82.5%, respectively [168][169][170][171]. Additionally, four eligible FDG PET/CT studies with a total of 79 patients were included in the diagnosis of vulvar and vaginal cancers [172][173][174][175]. FDG PET/CT exhibited a sensitivity of 95% and a PPV of 100% in identifying the primary tumor [173].…”

Section: Staging or Diagnosis Performance Of Vulvar And Vaginal Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our current investigation, we evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of FDG PET/CT for staging and diagnosing vulvar and vaginal cancers [168][169][170][171][172][173][174][175]. A total of four FDG PET/CT studies involving 243 patients, which aimed to stage vulvar cancer, were examined.…”

Section: Staging or Diagnosis Performance Of Vulvar And Vaginal Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, four eligible FDG PET/CT studies with a total of 79 patients were included in the diagnosis of vulvar and vaginal cancers [172][173][174][175]. FDG PET/CT exhibited a sensitivity of 95% and a PPV of 100% in identifying the primary tumor [173]. In the study by Peiro et al, PET/CT demonstrated a sensitivity of 100% for detecting vulvar lesions in squamous cell carcinomas and 60% in non-squamous cell carcinomas [174].…”

Section: Staging or Diagnosis Performance Of Vulvar And Vaginal Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

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18F-FDG PET/MRI and 18F-FDG PET/CT for the Management of Gynecological Malignancies: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature

Allahqoli,

Hakimi,

Laganà

et al. 2023

J. Imaging

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Objective: Positron emission tomography with 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18] fluoro- D-glucose integrated with computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (18F-FDG PET/MRI) has emerged as a promising tool for managing various types of cancer. This review study was conducted to investigate the role of 18F- FDG PET/CT and FDG PET/MRI in the management of gynecological malignancies. Search strategy: We searched for relevant articles in the three databases PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science. Selection criteria: All studies reporting data on the FDG PET/CT and FDG PET MRI in the management of gynecological cancer, performed anywhere in the world and published exclusively in the English language, were included in the present study. Data collection and analysis: We used the EndNote software (EndNote X8.1, Thomson Reuters) to list the studies and screen them on the basis of the inclusion criteria. Data, including first author, publication year, sample size, clinical application, imaging type, and main result, were extracted and tabulated in Excel. The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of the modalities were extracted and summarized. Main results: After screening 988 records, 166 studies published between 2004 and 2022 were included, covering various methodologies. Studies were divided into the following five categories: the role of FDG PET/CT and FDG-PET/MRI in the management of: (a) endometrial cancer (n = 30); (b) ovarian cancer (n = 60); (c) cervical cancer (n = 50); (d) vulvar and vagina cancers (n = 12); and (e) gynecological cancers (n = 14). Conclusions: FDG PET/CT and FDG PET/MRI have demonstrated potential as non-invasive imaging tools for enhancing the management of gynecological malignancies. Nevertheless, certain associated challenges warrant attention.

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“…Современные ультразвуковые технологии могут быть использованы для оценки распространенности РВл. Приоритетным методом для оценки местной распространенности первичной опухоли является МРТ, для оценки статуса лимфатических узлов и диагностики отдаленных метастазов -КТ, ПЭТ/КТ [13][14][15].…”

Section: таблица 1 (окончание) Table 1 (End)unclassified

Imaging of vaginal cancer. Consensus of experts

Solodkiy,

Nudnov,

Aksenova

et al. 2023

Medicinskaâ vizualizaciâ

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The article offers the latest view on possibilities of diagnostic algorithm to identify vaginal cancer (VC), rare tumor of the woman’s reproductive system. The algorithm is described as a consensus of leading expert in imaging diagnostics, as well as oncogynecologysts, investigating diagnostic challenges and vaginal cancer therapies. The article sets forth the principal trends in using imaging methods, their role and possibilities for staging VC, planning and assessing the efficacy of applied therapy, on-going surveillance over patients, who have undergone specialized anti-cancer treatment

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18F-FDG PET/CT in Patients with Vulvar and Vaginal Cancer: A Preliminary Study of 20 Cases

Cited by 5 publications

References 14 publications

Current Preoperative Management of Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma: An Overview

Current Preoperative Management of Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma: An Overview

18F-FDG PET/MRI and 18F-FDG PET/CT for the Management of Gynecological Malignancies: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature

Imaging of vaginal cancer. Consensus of experts

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