18Ni300 Maraging Steel Produced via Direct Energy Deposition on H13 Tool Steel and DIN CK45

Abstract

The quality of metallic additive manufacturing outputs is heavily dependent on the employed processing parameters. Hence, the assessment and definition of the input variables appropriate to the material in question is of vital importance, in order to optimise the attainable properties and minimise wasted feed stock in failed trials. In this work, optimal parameters for 18Ni300 Maraging steel are found for deposition in an H13 substrate. Additinally, the influence of pre-heating in depositions on a DIN CK45 steel are analysed by optical microscopy (OM) and microhardness measurements along the interface, and mechanical characterisation of DED-produced 18Ni300 is performed, as well as a bi-metallic alloy comprised of 18Ni300 and CK45, through the production and testing of tensile specimens.

Influence of in-situ process parameters, post heat treatment effects on microstructure and defects of additively manufactured maraging steel by laser powder bed fusion—A comprehensive review

“…Figure 7 illustrates increases in austenite phase with aging in different phases. Figure 7(a) shows the microstructure with narrow boundaries when maintained at 460 °C for 8 h. Figure 7(b) shows a vague boundary pattern when ageing at 490 °C for 4 h and a slightly vague long boundary pattern when ageing at 540 °C for 1 h 7 (c), figure 7(d) indicates a uniform austenite formation when aged at 540 °C for 8 h. Figure 7(e) indicates slight variation in austenite formation when aged at 600 °C for 10 min and figure 7(f) the microstructure more narrow boundaries when maintained at 600 °C for 4 h. The 18Ni(250), 18Ni (300) maraging steels have been identified as type A, 18Ni (350) maraging steel as type B, and 200/250/300 cobalt-free maraging steel as type C [87][88][89][90]. Changes in mechanical behavior of Maraging Steel Ni 300 has been found to increase based on several aging temperatures.…”

Integrated Computing Accelerates Design and Performance Control of New Maraging Steels

“…However, the limitations of this material mainly lie in the conflict between strength and plasticity. The current primary ultra-high-strength steels, such as the 18Ni system, inevitably experience a decline in plasticity as strength increases [ 18 , 19 , 20 ]. Pursuing higher overall mechanical properties was a forward-looking breakthrough direction for the future of ultra-high strength steels worldwide.…”

Integrated Computing Accelerates Design and Performance Control of New Maraging Steels

“…However, the limitations of this material mainly lie in the conflict between strength and plasticity. The current primary ultra-highstrength steels, such as the 18Ni system, inevitably experience a decline in plasticity as strength increases [18][19][20]. Pursuing higher overall mechanical properties was a forwardlooking breakthrough direction for the future of ultra-high strength steels worldwide.…”