199 Basic Characteristics and Cryobanking of Barbary Sheep (Ammotragus Lervia) Semen

Abstract

Barbary sheep (Ammotragus lervia) are considered vulnerable species by the World Conservation Union (IUCN). The purpose of this study was to describe the basic characteristics of fresh semen, test the efficacy of commercial extender Triladyl, and collect necessary data that may help to create a frozen semen bank for the Barbary sheep in Spain. A total of 21 ejaculates were collected by rectal-probe electroejaculation from one dominant (D) and three minor (M) adult males housed in the Madrid Zoo. After ejaculation, semen volume, concentration, and mass motility were assessed. Remaining raw semen was diluted at 37°C with TRIS-based extender Triladyl (Minitüb, Tiefenbach, Germany) and 20% egg yolk to a final concentration of 200 × 106 sperm per mL. Diluted samples were kept at 5°C for 4 h and then loaded into 0.25-mL French straws, frozen at 5 cm above liquid nitrogen (LN2) for 10 min and then plunged into LN2. Samples were thawed in a water bath at 37°C for 30 s. Post-thaw semen survival was evaluated by sperm motility (%M), quality of movement (Q), normal acrosome status (%NAS), normal sperm morphology (%NOR), membrane integrity (hypo-osmotic test; %HOST), and sperm viability (eosin-nigrosin vital staining; %V), and were compared with the same parameters in the fresh semen. Data between D and M males were analyzed by one way ANOVA. Mean volume of ejaculates, total sperm concentration and mass motility of raw semen were respectively; 5.2 ± 1.56 mL, 2800.0 ± 1290.5 × 106 and 3.4 ± 0.4 for the D male, and 3.5 ± 3.2 mL, 251.2 ± 103.9 × 106, and 1.88 ± 1.4 for M males (P < 0.05). Remaining semen parameters evaluated in raw semen showed no differences between D and M males. However, post-thaw semen quality was significantly (P < 0.05) reduced in all analyzed parameters except %NAS and %NOR in M males groups as compared to the D male (Table 1). It can be concluded that Barbary sheep raw semen collected by electroejaculation is of sufficient quality to be used in an artificial insemination program and can be successfully frozen in commercially available Triladyl extender. However, the post-thaw viability of semen may considerably depend on the male reproductive status in the flock. Table 1. Characteristics of fresh and cryopreserved Barbary sheep semen This work was supported by CAM 07B/007/1999 (Analysis of ejaculate traits and development of methods of semen preservation in wild ungulates from the Madrid Zoo).

Superovulation, in vivo Embryo Recovery and Cryopreservation for Aoudad (Ammotragus Lervia) Females Using Osmotic Pumps and Vitrification: A Preliminary Experience and its Implications for Conservation

“…This can be achieved by obtaining semen from A.I. sahariensis males in Sahara of A. I. blainei males from Sudan, for artificial insemination as previously reported [6,7,9]. Alternatively, semen can be obtained from the epididymis of hunted males in its natural range (very successful in Spanish ibex [31]), or embryos from captive A.I.…”

“…The aoudad has 58 chromosomes, an intermediate number between the chromosome complement of sheep (n=54) and goats (n=60) [1], making the aoudad an interesting species from a genetic and reproductive point of view. Although there is little information about its basic reproductive biology and relationship with other members of the subfamily Caprinae , there are some reports on the application of basic reproductive techniques in this species, including sperm analysis in captive males [6,7], sperm freezing [8,9,10], the production of offspring using estrus synchronization and intrauterine artificial insemination [10] and, recently, the description of estrus cycle in aoudad females using fecal steroids [11].…”