2004
DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2004.01.060
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19F Magnetic resonance imaging of perfluorooctanoic acid encapsulated in liposome for biodistribution measurement

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Cited by 26 publications
(15 citation statements)
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“…Indeed, they present relatively long T 1 and short T 2 relaxation times, resulting in long image acquisition times and MR signal attenuation, respectively. In addition, the wide-range distributed chemical shifts of 19 F NMR signals tend to give rise to chemical shift artifacts in the MR image, although these chemical shifts can be used to trace the metabolism (83). However, using high fluorine concentrations, such as those accessible with PFCs, the signal-to-noise ratio will be enhanced and the scanning time decreased for high-resolution images aquisition.…”
Section: F-mrimentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Indeed, they present relatively long T 1 and short T 2 relaxation times, resulting in long image acquisition times and MR signal attenuation, respectively. In addition, the wide-range distributed chemical shifts of 19 F NMR signals tend to give rise to chemical shift artifacts in the MR image, although these chemical shifts can be used to trace the metabolism (83). However, using high fluorine concentrations, such as those accessible with PFCs, the signal-to-noise ratio will be enhanced and the scanning time decreased for high-resolution images aquisition.…”
Section: F-mrimentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[36][37][38][39][40][41] Emulsions and nano-systems encapsulating liquid perfluorocarbons (PFCs) as contrast agents for MRI have proven their potentialities for the imaging of blood pool, ventricular abnormalities, liver, thrombi, atherosclerosis, mononuclear phagocyte system, tumor, molecular imaging of angiogenesis and drug delivery carriers of anticancer drugs. However, the use of PFC emulsions is limited due to their heterogeneity, instability, split 19 F signals, as well as excessive retention within internal organs (liver, spleen, lung) for a prolonged period of time.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…38, 39 Another shortcoming of PFC emulsions is their quite complex formulation, which requires the use of multiple surfactants and microfluidic devices. [39][40][41] As a result, it is difficult to obtain them by industrial production and receive regulatory approval. 42 Promising candidates to serve as fluorinated markers of tumor dissemination process are fluorinated conjugates of proteins.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In contrast to the Gd-based agents, for which changes in signal intensity in 1 H MRI originate from water protons in close proximity to the paramagnetic center, 19 F-based contrast agents can directly be detected by 19 (16,17) and in vivo (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25), thus far only a limited number of papers have addressed the consequences of cellular association on the 19 F signals (18,26,27). For reliable in vivo quantification, however, it is necessary to know whether cellular binding and internalization influence the relaxometric properties and the linearity of the MR signals with fluorine concentration.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%