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Abstract

An approving outcome of the endodontic treatment of teeth with apical periodontitis depends on effective control of the root canal infection [1,2]. Chemomechanical preparation root canals can reduce the number of microorganisms but not entirely get rid of them [3]. Instead of strict anaerobes, some facultative anaerobic bacteria, especially E. faecalis have been shown to be associated with failed root canal treatment [4,5]. Inadequate aseptic control and instrumentation of the root canals, leaking temporary or permanent cavity restorations are the main factors that may be critically important in post-treatment endodontic disease. Microbiological findings from filled root canals with periapical disease have shown a high proportion of enterococci, ranging from 24% to 77% [6]. E. faecalis has ability to grow in high salt concentrations, a wide temperature range, tolerance a broad pH range, as well as growth or persist in the presence of intracanal medicaments [4,7]. Thus, effective disinfecting processes and antimicrobial irrigants to remove E. faecalis are necessary for successful treatment of the infected root canals, especially