1D-3D coupling algorithm for unsteady gas flow analysis in pipe systems

Kong, Kyeong-Ju; Jung, Suk-Ho; Jeong, Tae-Young; Koh, Dae-Kwon

doi:10.1007/s12206-019-0848-2

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…were verified. The result of analyzing the gas flow by dividing it into 1D or 3D zones based on the central point of the pipe showed an error of less than 2.20%, and was able to be calculated 11.46 times faster than the 3D approach [18].…”

Section: Numerical Analysis 21 Modelingmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The time step size for numerical analysis was also different in the 1D and 3D zones because the mesh size was different. In order to use the 1D-3D approach, it was necessary to synchronize the time steps, and because the synchronization of the time steps uses linear interpolation, more than two 3D calculations must be performed in a 1D time step to obtain stable results [18].…”

Section: Time Stepmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A 1D-3D coupling algorithm of the pipe system applicable to the intake/exhaust pipe was developed, numerical analysis was performed using this algorithm for reservoir-pipe-valve system, and the results were verified. The result of analyzing the gas flow by dividing it into 1D or 3D zones based on the central point of the pipe showed an error of less than 2.20%, and was able to be calculated 11.46 times faster than the 3D approach [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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A 1D–3D Approach for Fast Numerical Analysis of the Flow Characteristics of a Diesel Engine Exhaust Gas

Kong

2021

Machines

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It is necessary to analyze the intake/exhaust gas flow of a diesel engine when turbocharger matching and when installing emission control devices such as exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), selective catalytic reduction (SCR), and scrubbers. Analyzing the intake/exhaust gas flow using a 3D approach can use various analytical models, but it requires a significant amount of time to perform the computation. An approach that combines 1D and 3D is a fast numerical analysis method that can utilize the analysis models of the 3D approach and obtain accurate calculation results. In this study, the flow characteristics of the exhaust gas were analyzed using a 1D–3D coupling algorithm to analyze the unsteady gas flow of a diesel engine, and whether the 1D–3D approach was suitable for analyzing exhaust systems was evaluated. The accuracy of the numerical analysis results was verified by comparison with the experimental results, and the flow characteristics of various shapes of the exhaust system of a diesel engine could be analyzed. Numerical analysis using the 1D–3D approach was able to be computed about 300 times faster than the 3D approach, and it was a method that could be used for research focused on the exhaust system. In addition, since it could quickly and accurately calculate intake/exhaust gas flow, it was expected to be used as a numerical analysis method suitable for analyzing the interaction of diesel engines with emission control devices and turbochargers.

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Section: Numerical Analysis 21 Modelingmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Time Stepmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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A 1D–3D Approach for Fast Numerical Analysis of the Flow Characteristics of a Diesel Engine Exhaust Gas

Kong

2021

Machines

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“…This approach is complex, requires signif-icant computational resources and long simulation times. In some cases, it is even necessary to reduce the dimensionality of the problem from 3D to 1D in some elements in order to reduce labor intensity and obtain an acceptable overall calculation time [18]. As a result, multidimensional CFD models are good for the final stages of a project, especially for determining the stress-strain state of parts [19] but are poorly suited for modeling engine cycles with a periodic workflow [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of gas parameters in resonant pipes and channels of engines with a periodic workflow using the piston analogy method

Khrulev

2023

EEJET

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This paper investigates a process of gas flow in the resonant tube of an engine with a periodic workflow. Analysis of various flow models and comparison of known data have shown that the problems of constructing closed 0-dimensional models of the operating cycle for some types of engines remain unresolved. Given this, the question arises about the dimensionality of models of individual engine elements, including the resonant pipe model, which must be included in the general model of the cycle, especially at the initial stage of its development. To solve the identified problems, a mathematical model of air flow has been improved, built on the basis of an analogy with a '"liquid" piston. Unlike existing ones, the piston analogy model allows one to calculate the instantaneous velocity averaged over the length of the pipe using a numerical solution of the differential equation for velocity. To test the model built, an alternative finite-difference 1-dimensional gas-dynamic model was selected, with the help of which a test simulation of air flow in a pipe was performed. It has been established that the piston model allows one to find the flow velocity with an accuracy of 5 % for a pressure drop varying according to a sinusoidal law. The permissible limits for changes in the oscillation frequency and pipe length were found, at which the piston model has a minimum error. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that with a small mass and inertia of the liquid piston, the proposed model gives results close to those provided by more complex models with higher dimensionality. This indicates the possibility of using a piston model for elements such as pipes as part of a 0-dimensional thermodynamic model of engines with a periodic operating process as an approximate alternative to traditional 1-dimensional flow models

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“…Nevertheless, the computational consumption of the CFD approach is usually expensive, especially for the extensive hydraulic system. As a compromise, the 1D-3D coupling method is suggested to save computational resources, where the complex vibration region is handled by the CFD method, and it is suggested to utilize the MOC method to manage other parts of the system with long conveyance conduits [25][26][27][28]. However, unreasonable numerical attenuation is observed in the CFD part when the HFPF occurs in the system, which is mainly caused by the limitation of the CFD method when dealing with the large density gradient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refined 1D–3D Coupling for High-Frequency Forced Vibration Analysis in Hydraulic Systems

Zhou¹,

Ye²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Energies

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High-Frequency Pressure Fluctuation (HFPF) is an extensively observed hydraulic phenomenon in pumped-storage power stations and water conveyance projects. The investigation of the propagation characteristics of the pressure perturbation is of great significance for the safe operation of hydraulic facilities. In this study, a one-dimensional (1D)–three-dimensional (3D) coupling model is established based on the combination of the Method of Characteristics (MOC) and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and implanted in the open source software OpenFOAM. The established model in this study implants the dynamic mesh module into the original OpenFOAM solver sonicLiquidFoam and presents the complete solution procedure of the CFD model with the dynamic mesh considered. The vibration of the pipe walls modeled by the mesh motion is employed to numerically generate the HFPF in the hydraulic system, which could not be implemented in the traditional MOC model. The independence of the pressure perturbation in the pipeline system is validated by the time-domain pressure variation. The graphical method is applied to describe the multiple reflection and superposition characteristics of the traveling wave in a simplified hydraulic system. Based on this, the mechanism of the superimposed characteristic of the traveling and standing pressure waves in the hydraulic system are analyzed, and the theoretical superimposed time-domain processes and the variations of the pressure oscillation magnitude are analyzed and presented. The 1D–3D coupling method and the theoretical analysis method could be referenced by other complex hydraulic systems.

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1D-3D coupling algorithm for unsteady gas flow analysis in pipe systems

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

A 1D–3D Approach for Fast Numerical Analysis of the Flow Characteristics of a Diesel Engine Exhaust Gas

A 1D–3D Approach for Fast Numerical Analysis of the Flow Characteristics of a Diesel Engine Exhaust Gas

Determination of gas parameters in resonant pipes and channels of engines with a periodic workflow using the piston analogy method

Refined 1D–3D Coupling for High-Frequency Forced Vibration Analysis in Hydraulic Systems

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