1D Numerical Model of Muddy Subaqueous and Subaerial Debris Flows

Imran, Jasim; Parker, Gary; Locat, Jacques; Lee, Homa

doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(2001)127:11(959)

Cited by 136 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…With regard to tsunami generation, the previously assumed slump basal shear strength of S u ≈0.8 MPa, and Coulomb friction coefficient of C n ≈0.11, were considered to be unrealistically high compared to available published values (e.g. Imran et al, 2001). These shear and friction values are now validated for slumps Watts et al, 2005a) even though the values are greater by one to two orders of magnitude than those of most translational landslides.…”

Section: Recent Modellingmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Papua New Guinea tsunami of 17 July 1998: anatomy of a catastrophic event

Tappin

Watts²,

Grilli

2008

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

247

150

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The Papua New Guinea (PNG) tsunami of July 1998 was a seminal event because it demonstrated that relatively small and relatively deepwater Submarine Mass Failures (SMFs) can cause devastating local tsunamis that strike without warning. There is a comprehensive data set that proves this event was caused by a submarine slump. Yet, the source of the tsunami has remained controversial. This controversy is attributed to several causes. Before the PNG event, it was questionable as to whether SMFs could cause devastating tsunamis. As a result, only limited modelling of SMFs as tsunami sources had been undertaken, and these excluded slumps. The results of these models were that SMFs in general were not considered to be a potential source of catastrophic tsunamis. To effectively model a SMF requires fairly detailed geological data, and these too had been lacking. In addition, qualitative data, such as evidence from survivors, tended to be disregarded in assessing alternative tsunami sources. The use of marine geological data to identify areas of recent submarine failure was not widely applied.The disastrous loss of life caused by the PNG tsunami resulted in a major investigation into the area offshore of the devastated coastline, with five marine expeditions taking place. This was the first time that a focussed, large-scale, international programme of marine surveying had taken place so soon after a major tsunami. It was also the first time that such a comprehensive data set became the basis for tsunami simulations. The use of marine mapping subsequently led to a larger involvement of marine geologists in the study of tsunamis, expanding the knowledge base of those studying the threat from SMF hazards. This paper provides an overview of the PNG tsunami and its impact on tsunami science. It presents revised interpretations of the slump arCorrespondence to: D. R. Tappin (drta@bgs.ac.uk) chitecture based on new seabed relief images and, using these, the most comprehensive tsunami simulation of the PNG event to date. Simulation results explain the measured runups to a high degree. The PNG tsunami has made a major impact on tsunami science. It is one of the most studied SMF tsunamis, yet it remains the only one known of its type: a slump.

show abstract

Section: Recent Modellingmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Papua New Guinea tsunami of 17 July 1998: anatomy of a catastrophic event

Tappin

Watts²,

Grilli

2008

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

247

150

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Momentum and constitutive equations that describe landslide shape and motion over time can be relatively involved (Imran et al, 2001;Iverson and Denlinger, 2001). In contrast, the center of mass motion of dense landslides can be approximated by simple equations of motion, whether hot or cold, wet or dry (Savage and Hutter, 1989;Watts, 1997;Walder et al, 2003;Watts and Waythomas, 2004).…”

Section: Landslide Motion Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Submarine landslides in the Santa Barbara Channel as potential tsunami sources

Greene

Murai

Watts³

et al. 2006

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the past, a poor understanding of submarine landslide dynamics, in combination with the higher-order hydrodynamic theory needed to model dispersion and nonlinearity, have been major obstacles in understanding landslide tsunamis. Recent research, however, has resulted in new modeling methods to address both of these problems (e.g., Imran et al, 2001;Elverhøi et al, 2005;Lastras et al, 2005) that will undoubtedly lead to accelerated progress in estimating the severity of this natural hazard. Finally, the broad continental shelf also has a significant effect on the wave evolution of tsunamis (Shibata, 1983), particularly those generated from continental slope landslides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrodynamic modeling of tsunamis from the Currituck landslide

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Keywords: tsunami landslide hydrodynamic runup numerical model sensitivity analysis Tsunami generation from the Currituck landslide offshore North Carolina and propagation of waves toward the U.S. coastline are modeled based on recent geotechnical analysis of slide movement. A long and intermediate wave modeling package (COULWAVE) based on the non-linear Boussinesq equations are used to simulate the tsunami. This model includes procedures to incorporate bottom friction, wave breaking, and overland flow during runup. Potential tsunamis generated from the Currituck landslide are analyzed using four approaches: (1) tsunami wave history is calculated from several different scenarios indicated by geotechnical stability and mobility analyses; (2) a sensitivity analysis is conducted to determine the effects of both landslide failure duration during generation and bottom friction along the continental shelf during propagation; (3) wave history is calculated over a regional area to determine the propagation of energy oblique to the slide axis; and (4) a high-resolution 1D model is developed to accurately model wave breaking and the combined influence of nonlinearity and dispersion during nearshore propagation and runup. The primary source parameter that affects tsunami severity for this case study is landslide volume, with failure duration having a secondary influence. Bottom friction during propagation across the continental shelf has a strong influence on the attenuation of the tsunami during propagation. The high-resolution 1D model also indicates that the tsunami undergoes nonlinear fission prior to wave breaking, generating independent, short-period waves. Wave breaking occurs approximately 40-50 km offshore where a tsunami bore is formed that persists during runup. These analyses illustrate the complex nature of landslide tsunamis, necessitating the use of detailed landslide stability/mobility models and higher-order hydrodynamic models to determine their hazard.Published by Elsevier B.V.

show abstract

1D Numerical Model of Muddy Subaqueous and Subaerial Debris Flows

Cited by 136 publications

References 30 publications

The Papua New Guinea tsunami of 17 July 1998: anatomy of a catastrophic event

The Papua New Guinea tsunami of 17 July 1998: anatomy of a catastrophic event

Submarine landslides in the Santa Barbara Channel as potential tsunami sources

Hydrodynamic modeling of tsunamis from the Currituck landslide

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About