1H-NMR analysis of microbial-derived organic acids in primary root carious lesions and saliva

Silwood, Christopher J.L.; Lynch, Edward; Seddon, Sean; Sheerin, Angela; Claxson, Andrew W.D.; Grootveld, Martin

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1492(199910)12:6<345::aid-nbm580>3.0.co;2-c

Cited by 42 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The control Glx and lactate levels slightly exceeded/were similar to the corresponding reference levels (Glx grey matter 2.1-2.7 vs. 1.5-2.0; Glx white matter 1.2-2.3 vs. According to recent analyses glutamate has resonance groups centered at resonance frequencies of 2.10 ppm (β-CH 2 ), 2.37 ppm (γ-CH 2 ) and 3.78 ppm (α-CH) and glutamine resonates at 2.14 ppm, 2.46 ppm and 3.80 ppm [16][17][18]. In the spectra of Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been proposed that patients with hepatic encephalopathy have increased cerebrospinal fluid glutamine concentrations arising from ammonia and glutamate by the action of the ASAT, aspartate aminotransferase; ALAT, alanine aminotransferase, lactate omitted because of a lack of data enzyme glutamine synthetase located in the astrocytes [5]. High glutamine concentrations have been observed in cerebrospinal fluid, serum, extracellular fluids and tissue extracts of patients with ALF [18]. Although it is conceivable that brain glutamine participates in the development of hepatic encophalopathy, glutamine per se is not neuronally active, and therefore its increase is unlikely to cause the neuroinhibitory characteristic of encephalopathy [20].…”

Section: Glutamate/glutamine (Glx)mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Quantitative multivoxel 1H MR spectroscopy of the brain in children with acute liver failure

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Acute liver failure (ALF)-related encephalopathy was previously characterized by MR spectroscopy of single voxels containing both grey and white matter brain tissue. Quantitative multivoxel MRS was used here to compare grey and white matter brain tissue concentrations of glutamate/glutamine (Glx) and lactate in ALF and associate the results with other liver function parameters. Five pediatric patients with ALF-related encephalopathy and five controls, examined after successful liver transplantation, were examined by brain MRI/MRS. ALF patients had higher Glx and lactate concentrations in brain white matter than controls (Glx + 125%: P<0.01; lactate + 33%, P<0.05) and higher Glx in grey matter (Glx + 125%: P< 0.01). Within the group of ALF patients positive correlations were found between grey or white matter lactate concentration and serum ammonia (P<0.05), and negative correlations between grey or white matter Glx and venous pH (P<0.001). This is the first study presenting evidence of high Glx levels in both white and grey matter brain tissue in ALF-related encephalopathy. The elevations in CNS Glx and lactate concentrations appear to relate to hepatic detoxification (ammonia, venous pH), rather than to liver parenchymal integrity (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase) or biliary cholestasis (bilirubin, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, alkaline phosphatase).

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Glutamate/glutamine (Glx)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative multivoxel 1H MR spectroscopy of the brain in children with acute liver failure

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The presence of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) (13), such as formate and acetate, and lactate in upper-gut aspirate in patients with MAS are in line with several studies that showed an excess of these metabolites in dental caries (24,25). Further, whereas acetate correlated with the degree of bacterial overgrowth, formate and lactate did not.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malabsorption syndrome with and without small intestinal bacterial overgrowth: A study on upper‐gut aspirate using ¹H NMR spectroscopy

Bala

Ghoshal

et al. 2006

Magnetic Resonance in Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Furthermore, overall higher yields of acid occurred when cells were grown anaerobically rather than aerobically with acetate and formate being the dominant acids present (Yamada and Carlsson, 1975; Yamada et al, 1985). An NMR study of perchlorate extracts of oral biofilms demonstrated the utility of 1 H-NMR for the simultaneous analysis of ~30 chemical constituents, including lactate and other corrosive organic acids (Silwood et al, 1999). Their results indicated that lactate, acetate, pyruvate, propionate, formate, and n -butyrate are produced in abundance, with acetate and formate being produced at higher concentrations than lactate.…”

Section: Current Knowledge Of Bacterial Metabolic Processes Leading Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements toward a systems level understanding of the human oral microbiome

McLean

2014

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Oral microbes represent one of the most well studied microbial communities owing to the fact that they are a fundamental part of human development influencing health and disease, an easily accessible human microbiome, a highly structured and remarkably resilient biofilm as well as a model of bacteria-bacteria and bacteria-host interactions. In the last 80 years since oral plaque was first characterized for its functionally stable physiological properties such as the highly repeatable rapid pH decrease upon carbohydrate addition and subsequent recovery phase, the fundamental approaches to study the oral microbiome have cycled back and forth between community level investigations and characterizing individual model isolates. Since that time, many individual species have been well characterized and the development of the early plaque community, which involves many cell–cell binding interactions, has been carefully described. With high throughput sequencing enabling the enormous diversity of the oral cavity to be realized, a number of new challenges to progress were revealed. The large number of uncultivated oral species, the high interpersonal variability of taxonomic carriage and the possibility of multiple pathways to dysbiosis pose as major hurdles to obtain a systems level understanding from the community to the gene level. It is now possible however to start connecting the insights gained from single species with community wide approaches. This review will discuss some of the recent insights into the oral microbiome at a fundamental level, existing knowledge gaps, as well as challenges that have surfaced and the approaches to address them.

show abstract

1H-NMR analysis of microbial-derived organic acids in primary root carious lesions and saliva

Cited by 42 publications

References 29 publications

Quantitative multivoxel 1H MR spectroscopy of the brain in children with acute liver failure

Quantitative multivoxel 1H MR spectroscopy of the brain in children with acute liver failure

Malabsorption syndrome with and without small intestinal bacterial overgrowth: A study on upper‐gut aspirate using ¹H NMR spectroscopy

Advancements toward a systems level understanding of the human oral microbiome

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

1H-NMR analysis of microbial-derived organic acids in primary root carious lesions and saliva

Cited by 42 publications

References 29 publications

Quantitative multivoxel 1H MR spectroscopy of the brain in children with acute liver failure

Quantitative multivoxel 1H MR spectroscopy of the brain in children with acute liver failure

Malabsorption syndrome with and without small intestinal bacterial overgrowth: A study on upper‐gut aspirate using 1H NMR spectroscopy

Advancements toward a systems level understanding of the human oral microbiome

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Malabsorption syndrome with and without small intestinal bacterial overgrowth: A study on upper‐gut aspirate using ¹H NMR spectroscopy