1H NMR-based metabolomics approach for exploring urinary metabolome modifications after acute and chronic physical exercise

Abstract

Metabolomics is a comprehensive method for metabolite assessment that involves measuring the overall metabolic signature of biological samples. We used this approach to investigate biochemical changes due to acute and chronic physical exercise. Twenty-two women using identical oral contraceptives were segregated into an untrained (n = 10) or trained (n = 12) group depending on their physical training background. The subjects performed two exercises in a randomized order: a prolonged exercise test (75% of their VO(2 max) until exhaustion) and a short-term, intensive exercise test (short-term, intensive exercise anaerobic test). Urine specimens were collected before and 30 min after each test. The samples were analyzed by (1)H NMR spectroscopy, and multivariate statistical techniques were utilized to process the data. Distinguishing characteristics were observed only in the urine profiles of specimens collected before vs. 30 min after the short-term, intensive exercise test. The metabolites responsible for such changes were creatinine, lactate, pyruvate, alanine, beta-hydroxybutyrate, acetate, and hypoxanthine. In both groups, the excretion of lactate, pyruvate, alanine, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and hypoxanthine increased similarly after the completion of the short-term, intensive exercise test (p < 0.03). However, acetate excretion increased to a lesser extent in trained than in untrained subjects (p < 0.05). In conclusion, metabolomics is a promising tool in order to gain insight into physiological status and to clarify the changes induced by short-term, intense physical exercise.

Metabolomics predicts stroke recurrence after transient ischemic attack

“…The metabolome, even in healthy phenotypically similar patients, exhibits a considerable variance across the time. [34][35][36] Furthermore, the samples were taken in the emergency Table 3 Predictive accuracy of clinical variables and biomarkers derived from the metabolomic study for recurrent stroke at the 7-day, 90-day, and 1-year follow-up, and during all follow-up room, without controlling for previous food intake. Nevertheless, the results provided were strengthened by the use of 2 independent cohorts.…”

Global Metabolic Stress of Isoeffort Continuous and High Intensity Interval Aerobic Exercise: A Comparative 1H NMR Metabonomic Study

“…1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 14 All three protocols resulted to similar rise in lactate to pyruvate ratio. The change in lactate to pyruvate ratio has been used as an index of tissue hypoxia, a transition from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism carbohydrates during exercise 8 , and as a marker of oxidative stress and cellular oxidative damage 45 .…”

“…Therefore, metabonomics is being increasingly used to examine the metabolic stress to a single exercise bout [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] .…”

Exercise tames the wild side of the Myc network: a hypothesis

“…In skeletal muscles, the initial and driving organ, transcriptional processes are activated by the exercise stimulus, which when repeated over days augments muscle mitochondrial biogenesis (161) but also beneficially affects anatomically distributed cells, tissues, and organs remote from the sites of muscle contraction. The physiological and molecular processes that generate these effects remain to be clarified.Exercise generates large, dynamic, and reproducible changes in metabolites derived from carbohydrate and fat catabolism (34,64,130). Most of these metabolites originate from the glycolytic and mitochondrial pathways that are also the targets of transcriptionally driven adaptive changes to exercise.…”

“…Exercise generates large, dynamic, and reproducible changes in metabolites derived from carbohydrate and fat catabolism (34,64,130). Most of these metabolites originate from the glycolytic and mitochondrial pathways that are also the targets of transcriptionally driven adaptive changes to exercise.…”