1H NMR spectra of normal urines: Reference ranges of the major metabolites

Zuppi, Cecilia; Messana, Irene; Forni, Floreal H.; Rossi, Cristina; Pennacchietti, Lucia; Ferrari, Franco; Giardina, Bruno

doi:10.1016/s0009-8981(97)00110-1

Cited by 127 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…For instance, sex-related differences in the elimination of citrate in the urine have been determined and this is generally greater in females. 73,74 In work carried out into gender differences in the HW rat, male urinary NMR spectral profiles were found to be more variable than females. 75 In general, male rats have a greater metabolic activity than females, which results in a significantly greater exposure, and hence prolonged pharmacological activity for many drugs in female rats compared with males.…”

Section: Metabonomic Studies Of Physiological Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,74,92 The normal physiological levels of hippurate in the urine are known to be highly variable due to alterations in the gut microbial contents as a result of external factors such as stress or a change in diet. 6,88 Citrate excretion is affected by numerous factors including nutrition, alterations in acid-base balance, hormones, calcium and renal metabolites.…”

Section: Metabonomic Studies Of Physiological Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The gender-related differences in the elimination of citrate may be linked to oestrogen levels. 74 Menstruation is known to affect the N-oxidation of trimethylamine resulting in a fall in the ratio of trimethylamine-N-oxide: trimethylamine ratio in the urine. 100 In addition, steroid hormones have previously been shown to influence flavin-containing monogenase activities in rodents and man, 101 and therefore fluctuations in trimethylamine levels at various stages of the oestrus cycle may be a consequence of hormonal variation.…”

Section: Metabonomic Studies Of Physiological Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CAM, chlorogenic acid metabolites; DMG, dimethylglycine; NAC, N-acetylglycoproteins; 2-OG, 2-oxoglutarate; TMAO, trimethylamine-N-oxide periods prior to continual housing for 72 h, whereas the remaining group (n ¼ 10) experienced no acclimatization period. 74 The animals experienced regular light-dark cycles of 12 h light followed by 12 h dark and urine samples were collected at 6 h intervals across the study. 1 H NMR urinalysis, coupled with PR, showed that 50% of the rats in the unacclimatized group showed elevation of urinary glucose at [ Fig.…”

Section: Metabonomic Studies Of Physiological Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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NMR-based metabonomic approaches for evaluating physiological influences on biofluid composition

et al. 2004

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Strategies such as genomics, proteomics and metabonomics are being applied with increasing frequency in the pharmaceutical industry. For each of these approaches, toxicological response can be measured by terms of deviation from control or baseline status. However, in order to accurately define drug-induced response, it is necessary to characterize the normal degree of physiological variation in the absence of stimuli. Here, 1 H NMR spectroscopic-based analyses of the metabolic composition of urine in experimental animals under various normal physiological conditions are reviewed. In particular, the effects of inter-animal and diurnal variation, gender, age, diet, species, strain, hormonal status and stress on the biochemical composition of urine are explored. Pattern recognition methods facilitate the comparison of urine NMR spectra over a given time-course, enabling the establishment of changes in profile and highlighting the dynamic metabolic status of an organism. Thus metabonomic approaches based on information-rich spectroscopic data sets can be used to evaluate normal physiological variation and for investigation of drug safety issues.

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Section: Metabonomic Studies Of Physiological Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Metabonomic Studies Of Physiological Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Metabonomic Studies Of Physiological Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Metabonomic Studies Of Physiological Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

NMR-based metabonomic approaches for evaluating physiological influences on biofluid composition

et al. 2004

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“…[3][4][5] Because lactate is in part excreted through the kidney, measurement of urinary lactate may also reflect the blood lactate level and the degree of metabolic derangement as a result of hypoxia/ischemia. Ma et al 6 and Zuppi et al, 7 using ( 1 H) proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, have shown that urinary lactate and creatinine can be measured and used clinically. Huang et al 8 further demonstrated a direct correlation between urinary lactate to creatinine ratio and neurodevelopmental outcomes of a group of 16 term infants with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Urinary Lactate to Creatinine Ratio and Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Term Infants with Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy

Perritt

Shankaran

et al. 2008

The Journal of Pediatrics

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Objective-To assess the association between urinary lactate to creatinine ratio (ULCR) and neurodevelopmental outcome in term infants with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy and examine the effect of hypothermia on the change in ULCR.Study design-Spot urine samples were collected in 58 term infants (28 hypothermia, 30 control subjects) with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Urinary lactate and creatinine were measured by using 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and expressed as ULCR. Survivors were examined at 18 months of age.Results-The ULCR was significantly higher in infants who died or had moderate/severe neurodevelopmental disability. Logistic regression analysis controlling for hypothermia and severity of encephalopathy confirmed the association (adjusted odds ratio, 5.52; 95% CI, 1.36, 22.42; P < . 02). Considerable overlap in ULCR was observed between infants with normal/mild disability and those who died or survived with moderate/severe disability. ULCR fell significantly between 6 and 24 hours and 48 and 72 hours of age for all infants. The magnitude of decline did not differ between hypothermia and control groups.Conclusions-High ULCR is associated with death or moderate/severe neurodevelopmental disability. Significant overlap in values between the normal/mild and moderate/severe disability groups limits predictive value of this measure. Whole-body hypothermia did not affect the decline in ULCR.Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is a serious morbidity in newborn infants with high mortality rate and a high rate of poor neurodevelopmental outcome among survivors. METHODSThis study involved a subset of term infants randomly assigned in a controlled trial conducted by the NICHD Neonatal Research Network to evaluate the efficacy and safety of whole-body hypothermia in term infants with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. This study was approved by the institutional review board in each site. The subjects and methods of the primary protocol have been published. 9 A set of predetermined criteria was used by trained investigators to establish the diagnosis and severity of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Two hundred eight infants with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy were enrolled in this trial. Of these infants, 58 were enrolled in the current study, 28 in the hypothermia group, and 30 in the control group.Collection of spot urine was initiated on study infants as soon as consents were obtained. The first urine was collected between 6 and 24 hours and repeated at 48 to 72 hours, using a bag placed over the perineum of girls and a test tube placed over the penis for boys. Urine was aspirated from the bag or test tube using a syringe connected to a catheter. Urine spilled on the diaper was also aspirated. Urine samples were stored at −20°C until shipment in dry ice to the central laboratory (Ralph B. Rogers MR Center, University of Texas-Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas) for assay.Samples were prepared for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy by thawing and removing a 550-μL aliquot...

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Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, High Resolution Ex Vivo

Smith

Blandford

2000

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

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Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, or magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), is a powerful physical technique to determine the quantity and structure of chemical compounds in a specimen. It involves the interaction of radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic radiation with a collection of nuclei immersed in a strong magnetic field. It is unique in its ability to provide nondestructive chemical analyses in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, no or very little pretreatment of the specimen is required prior to making a measurement. Spectra take only a few minutes to acquire, and it is not necessary to preselect the metabolites of interest in order to detect and quantify them. Its limitations are a lack of availability of instruments and large databases of spectral changes correlated with pathological conditions, and a detection sensitivity of approximately 1 µM.

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1H NMR spectra of normal urines: Reference ranges of the major metabolites

Cited by 127 publications

References 16 publications

NMR-based metabonomic approaches for evaluating physiological influences on biofluid composition

NMR-based metabonomic approaches for evaluating physiological influences on biofluid composition

Association between Urinary Lactate to Creatinine Ratio and Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Term Infants with Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, High Resolution Ex Vivo

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