2,4-Bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)phenol from <i>Cinnamomum loureirii</i> Improves Cognitive Deficit, Cholinergic Dysfunction, and Oxidative Damage in TMT-Treated Mice

Abstract

We previously reported that the extract of Cinnamomum loureirii (C. loureirii) significantly inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and identified 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)phenol (BP) from C. loureirii as a potential AChE inhibitor. The present study, therefore was undertaken to demonstrate the effects of BP from C. loureirii on learning and memory impairment in trimethyltin (TMT)-treated ICR mice. Y-maze and passive avoidance tests were used to test cognitive ability. Further, changes in biochemical parameters in the brain tissue were also assessed in response to TMT injection and BP intervention. BP pre-administration (20, 40 mg/kg/d) in mice significantly protected cognitive dysfunction induced by TMT (p<0.05). Moreover, BP reduced AChE activity and lipid peroxidation but increased acetylcholine levels in the brain. In conclusion, we suggested that BP protected against TMT-induced cognitive dysfunction, and might be a potential agent for alleviating symptoms of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, via modulating cholinergic functions.

The Neuroprotective Propensity of Organic Extracts of Acacia stenophylla Bark and Their Effectiveness Against Scopolamine-/Diazepam-Induced Amnesia in Mice

“…52 The ameliorative action of ASEE on cognitive impairment could also be attributed to the presence of active phenolic constituents such as phenol, 2.4-bis (1,1-dimethyl ethyl), which have been shown to inhibit the activity of AChE and BuChE. 53,54 Similarly, the bioactive constituent, cyclohexanone, found in the crude ASEE and ASB fractions may also act as an AChE and BuChE inhibitor. 55 Our study verified that ASEE and ASB extracts produced a concentration-related inhibition of AChE and BuChE (Figure 4) likely to give rise to the elevated cholinergic function and conducive to enhanced learning and memory.…”