2,4-Di-tert-butyl phenol as the antifungal, antioxidant bioactive purified from a newly isolated Lactococcus sp.

Varsha, Kontham Kulangara; Devendra, Leena P.; Shilpa, Ganesan; Priya, Sulochana; Pandey, Ashok; Nampoothiri, K. Madhavan

doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.06.025

Cited by 203 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Several potent anti-inflammatory compounds such as Azelaic acid [41], 1-Hexadecanoic acid [42], antioxidant compounds; 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol [43], were elucidated in the GC-MS analysis. Hence, reported immunomodulatory properties of the MLCC could be attributed to these compounds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mature leaf concentrate of Sri Lankan wild type Carica papaya Linn. modulates nonfunctional and functional immune responses of rats

Jayasinghe

Gunasekera

Silva

et al. 2017

BMC Complement Altern Med

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BackgroundThe leaf concentrate of Carica papaya is a traditionally acclaimed immunomodulatory remedy against numerous diseases; nonetheless comprehensive scientific validation of this claim is limited. The present study thus investigated the immunomodulatory potential of Carica papaya mature leaf concentrate (MLCC) of the Sri Lankan wild type cultivar using nonfunctional and functional immunological assays.MethodsWistar rats (N = 6/ group) were orally gavaged with 3 doses (0.18, 0.36 and 0.72 ml/100g body weight) of the MLCC once daily for 3 consecutive days. Selected nonfunctional (enumeration of immune cells and cytokine levels) and functional (cell proliferation and phagocytic activity) immunological parameters, and acute toxic effects were determined using standard methods.Effect of the MLCC (31.25, 62.5, 125, 250, 500 and 1000 μg/ml) on ex vivo proliferation of bone marrow cells (BMC) and splenocytes (SC), and in vitro phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages (PMs), and their corresponding cytokine responses were evaluated. The phytochemical profile of the MLCC was established using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LS-MS) and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).ResultsCounts of rat platelets, total leukocytes, lymphocyte and monocyte sub populations, and BMCs were significantly augmented by oral gavage of the MLCC (p < 0.05). The highest MLCC dose tested herein significantly reduced pro inflammatory cytokines, Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNF α) levels of rats (p < 0.05).The in vivo phagocytic index of rat PMs significantly increased by oral gavage of all three doses of the MLCC (p < 0.05). In vitro phagocytic activity of rat PMs were enhanced by the MLCC and triggered a Th1 biased cytokine response.The MLCC at low concentrations elicited ex vivo proliferation of BMC (31.25 μg/ml) and SC (31.25 and 62.5 μg/ml) respectively. Conversely, high concentrations (500 and 1000 μg/ml) exhibited cytotoxicity of both BMC and SC with significant modulation of cytokines. Chemical profile of the MLCC revealed the presence of several immunomodulatory compounds. The oral gavage of the MLCC was found to be safe in terms of both hepatic and renal toxicities.ConclusionThe present study established that the mature leaf concentrate (MLCC) of Carica papaya Sri Lankan wild type cultivar is orally active, safe and effectively modulates nonfunctional and functional immunological parameters of rats that unequivocally corroborate the traditional medical claims.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mature leaf concentrate of Sri Lankan wild type Carica papaya Linn. modulates nonfunctional and functional immune responses of rats

Jayasinghe

Gunasekera

Silva

et al. 2017

BMC Complement Altern Med

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“…A large number of LAB, including those used as protective cultures, are considered safe for human consumption as they possess the GRAS (Generally Recognised As Safe) and/or QPS (Qualified Presumption of Safety) status from the US FDA and the EFSA, respectively. Certain protective LAB strains can produce antimicrobial peptides such as bacteriocins, as well as organic and metabolic compounds formed along the fermentation process, which can inhibit foodborne pathogens growth (Varsha et al, 2015). In addition, a direct competition of protective cultures with potential pathogens is another important mechanism to restrict the growth of undesired organisms.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactic acid bacteria as protective cultures in fermented pork meat to prevent Clostridium spp. growth

Gioia

Mazzola

Nikodinoska

et al. 2016

International Journal of Food Microbiology

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In meat fermented foods, Clostridium spp. growth is kept under control by the addition of nitrite. The growing request of consumers for safer products has led to consider alternative bio-based approaches, the use of protective cultures being one of them. This work is aimed at checking the possibility of using two Lactobacillus spp. strains as protective cultures against Clostridium spp. in pork ground meat for fermented salami preparation. Both Lactobacillus strains displayed anti-clostridia activity in vitro using the spot agar test and after co-culturing them in liquid medium with each Clostridium strain. Only one of them, however, namely L. plantarum PCS20, was capable of effectively surviving in ground meat and of performing anti-microbial activity in carnis in a challenge test where meat was inoculated with the Clostridium strain. Therefore, this work pointed out that protective cultures can be a feasible approach for nitrite reduction in fermented meat products.

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“…Extraction and purification of the bioactive compound was performed as described before [3]. In order to identify, the pure compound was subjected to 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy using Bruker Avance II 500 spectrometer (USA).…”

Section: Purification and Identification Of Bioactivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cell line maintenance and incubation was followed according to Varsha et al [3]. Cytotoxicity (%) and IC 50 (effective concentration of drug resulting in 50 % of maximal toxicity) were calculated as follows:…”

Section: Cytotoxicity To Mammalian Cell Linesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This compound showed antifungal, antioxidant and anticancer properties along with aminopeptidase enzyme inhibition potential. We have previously reported the identification of organic acids and a bioactive phenolic compound in the cell free supernatant of the same LAB strain [2,3]. The advantage of LAB metabolites having both antifungal and antioxidant properties is that they can be developed as food preservatives with dietary antioxidant properties once incorporated into food.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antifungal, Anticancer and Aminopeptidase Inhibitory Potential of a Phenazine Compound Produced by Lactococcus BSN307

et al. 2016

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A bioactive compound was purified from the culture medium of a new strain of Lactococcus BSN307 by solvent extraction followed by chromatographic techniques. This bioactive compound was identified to belong to phenazine class of compounds by MS, NMR and FTIR. The phenazine compound showed antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger, Penicillium chrysogenum as well as Fusarium oxysporum by disc diffusion assay in addition to antioxidant potential as demonstrated by DPPH scavenging assay. The compound demonstrated selective cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines HeLa and MCF-7 where IC 50 was achieved with 20 and 24 lg/mL respectively. At the same time no cytotoxicity was occurred in normal H9c2 cells. The bioactive found to be inhibitory to both leucine and proline aminopeptidases and thus revealed its potential as metalloenzyme inhibitor. This study, for the first time reports the production of phenazine class of compounds by lactic acid bacteria.

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2,4-Di-tert-butyl phenol as the antifungal, antioxidant bioactive purified from a newly isolated Lactococcus sp.

Cited by 203 publications

References 31 publications

Mature leaf concentrate of Sri Lankan wild type Carica papaya Linn. modulates nonfunctional and functional immune responses of rats

Mature leaf concentrate of Sri Lankan wild type Carica papaya Linn. modulates nonfunctional and functional immune responses of rats

Lactic acid bacteria as protective cultures in fermented pork meat to prevent Clostridium spp. growth

Antifungal, Anticancer and Aminopeptidase Inhibitory Potential of a Phenazine Compound Produced by Lactococcus BSN307

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