2.45 GHz microwave radiation induced oxidative and nitrosative stress mediated testicular apoptosis: Involvement of a p53 dependent bax‐caspase‐3 mediated pathway

Shahin, Saba; Singh, S. P.; Chaturvedi, Chandra Mohini

doi:10.1002/tox.22578

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The above results suggested that under this condition, 220 MHz pulsed modulated RF could induce apoptosis in testis germ cells. Shahin’s report [30] also showed that 2.45 GHz RF (0.248 W/m 2 , 2 h/day for 15 days, 30 days and 60 days) induced testicular apoptosis with an increase of cleaved caspase 3 and BAX, as well as a decrease of BCL2 in a duration dependent manner. Testicular apoptosis may impede germ cell production and result in a reduction of sperm quality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of 220 MHz Pulsed Modulated Radiofrequency Field on the Sperm Quality in Rats

Guo

Lin

Xue

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Under some occupational conditions, workers are inevitably exposed to high-intensity radiofrequency (RF) fields. In this study, we investigated the effects of one-month exposure to a 220 MHz pulsed modulated RF field at the power density of 50 W/m2 on the sperm quality in male adult rats. The sperm quality was evaluated by measuring the number, abnormality and survival rate of sperm cells. The morphology of testis was examined by hematoxylin–eosin (HE) staining. The levels of secreting factors by Sertoli cells (SCs) and Leydig cells (LCs) were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The level of cleaved caspase 3 in the testis was detected by immunofluorescence staining. Finally, the expression levels of the apoptosis-related protein (caspase 3, BAX and BCL2) in the testis were assessed by Western blotting. Compared with the sham group, the sperm quality in the RF group decreased significantly. The levels of secreting factors of SCs and the morphology of the testis showed an obvious change after RF exposure. The level of the secreting factor of LCs decreased significantly after RF exposure. The levels of cleaved caspase 3, caspase 3, and the BAX/BCL2 ratio in the testis increased markedly after RF exposure. These data collectively suggested that under the present experimental conditions, 220 MHz pulsed modulated RF exposure could impair sperm quality in rats, and the disruption of the secreting function of LCs and increased apoptosis of testis cells induced by the RF field might be accounted for by this damaging effect.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of 220 MHz Pulsed Modulated Radiofrequency Field on the Sperm Quality in Rats

Guo

Lin

Xue

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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“…Oxidative and nitrosative stresses are known to be associated with deleterious effects on male reproduction, as they disrupt the integrity of sperm DNA and diminish the fertilizing potential of the reproductive cells due to collateral damage inflicted upon proteins and lipids in the sperm plasma membrane [22]. Excess free radical load due to increased reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide generation may cause severe testicular oxidative damage by causing peroxidation of lipids and formation of carbonyls [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testicular Toxicity of Water Pipe Smoke Exposure in Mice and the Effect of Treatment with Nootkatone Thereon

Ali

Al-Salam

Adham

et al. 2019

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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There is a worldwide increase in the popularity of water pipe (shisha) tobacco smoking including in Europe and North America. However, little is known about the effects of water pipe smoke (WPS) exposure on male reproductivity. We have recently demonstrated that WPS exposure in mice induces testicular toxicity including inflammation and oxidative stress. Nootkatone, a sesquiterpenoid found in grapefruit, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the possible protective effect of nootkatone on WPS-induced testicular toxicity has not been reported before. Here, we tested the effects of treatment of mice with nootkatone on WPS-induced testicular toxicity. Mice were exposed to normal air or WPS (30 minutes/day, for 30 days). Nootkatone (90 mg/kg) was given orally to mice by gavage, 1 h before WPS or air exposure. Nootkatone treatment significantly ameliorated the WPS-induced increase in plasma levels of inhibin, uric acid, and lactate dehydrogenase activity. Nootkatone also significantly mitigated the decrease in testosterone, androgen-binding protein, and estradiol concentrations in the plasma induced by WPS. In testicular homogenates, WPS exposure caused a decrease in the total nitric oxide level and an increase in the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β level and oxidative stress markers including malondialdehyde, cytochrome C, and 8-Oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine. All the latter effects were significantly alleviated by nootkatone treatment. Moreover, in testicular homogenate, nootkatone inhibited the expression of nuclear factor-kappaB induced by WPS. Likewise, histological examination of mouse testes showed that nootkatone treatment ameliorated the deterioration of spermatogenesis induced by WPS exposure. We conclude that nootkatone ameliorated the WPS-induced testicular inflammation and oxidative stress and hormonal and spermatogenesis alterations.

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“…Another animal study after the exposure to 2.45 GHz showed an alteration in testicular histoarchitecture, decreased seminiferous tubule diameter, sperm count, sperm viability, and serum testosterone level, along with increased total ROS, NO, MDA levels. The expression of p53, Bax, active-caspase-3 in testes was also upregulated, while the expression of Bcl-xL, Bcl-2, procaspase-3, and PARP-1 was reported to be downregulated [ 151 ].…”

Section: Environmental Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, increased MDA level was noted due to an imbalance of charge in unsaturated fatty acids, which also triggers free radical production [ 154 ]. Exposure to microwave radiation causes apoptosis via the p53-dependent Bax-caspase-3-mediated pathway [ 151 ]. An increase in ROS and generation of NO starts producing free radicals, which can cause severe testicular oxidative damage in the form of lipid peroxidation and the formation of carbonyls [ 155 ].…”

Section: Environmental Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increased levels of ROS and NO change the redox status of testis and may also activate p53 for the trans-regulation of cell survival/death determining proteins [ 156 ]. Such an increase in oxidative stress may cause DNA strand breakage that may upregulate p53 expression [ 151 ]. An increase in ROS may also induce apoptosis by regulating the phosphorylation and ubiquitination of Bcl-2 family proteins, which may result in an increase of pro-apoptotic protein levels and a decrease of antiapoptotic protein expression.…”

Section: Environmental Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental Factors-Induced Oxidative Stress: Hormonal and Molecular Pathway Disruptions in Hypogonadism and Erectile Dysfunction

et al. 2021

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Hypogonadism is an endocrine disorder characterized by inadequate serum testosterone production by the Leydig cells of the testis. It is triggered by alterations in the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis. Erectile dysfunction (ED) is another common disorder in men that involves an alteration in erectile response–organic, relational, or psychological. The incidence of hypogonadism and ED is common in men aged over 40 years. Hypogonadism (including late-onset hypogonadism) and ED may be linked to several environmental factors-induced oxidative stresses. The factors mainly include exposure to pesticides, radiation, air pollution, heavy metals and other endocrine-disrupting chemicals. These environmental risk factors may induce oxidative stress and lead to hormonal dysfunctions. To better understand the subject, the study used many keywords, including “hypogonadism”, “late-onset hypogonadism”, “testosterone”, “erectile dysfunction”, “reactive oxygen species”, “oxidative stress”, and “environmental pollution” in major online databases, such as SCOPUS and PUBMED to extract relevant scientific information. Based on these parameters, this review summarizes a comprehensive insight into the important environmental issues that may have a direct or indirect association with hypogonadism and ED in men. The study concludes that environmental factors-induced oxidative stress may cause infertility in men. The hypothesis and outcomes were reviewed critically, and the mechanistic approaches are applied through oxidant-sensitive pathways. This study also provides reccomendations on future therapeutic interventions and protective measures against such adverse environmental factors-induced hypogonadism and ED.

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2.45 GHz microwave radiation induced oxidative and nitrosative stress mediated testicular apoptosis: Involvement of a p53 dependent bax‐caspase‐3 mediated pathway

Cited by 21 publications

References 61 publications

Effects of 220 MHz Pulsed Modulated Radiofrequency Field on the Sperm Quality in Rats

Effects of 220 MHz Pulsed Modulated Radiofrequency Field on the Sperm Quality in Rats

Testicular Toxicity of Water Pipe Smoke Exposure in Mice and the Effect of Treatment with Nootkatone Thereon

Environmental Factors-Induced Oxidative Stress: Hormonal and Molecular Pathway Disruptions in Hypogonadism and Erectile Dysfunction

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