2′,5′-Oligoadenylate synthetase activity analysis and human papilloma virus typing as prognostic factors in patients with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis

Abstract

Patients with HPV type 11, a severity score >4, a high number of surgical procedures prior to interferon-alpha therapy and a high basal 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase activity should be considered at high risk of an aggressive clinical course, often with spread to lower airway passages, malignant transformation and death. Human papilloma virus type, score for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis severity, number of surgical procedures and 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase activity showed significant association with response to interferon-alpha therapy and the long-term clinical course, so these factors have value in predicting prognosis in recurrent respiratory papillomatosis.

Identification of HPV DNA in patients with juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis using SYBR® Green real-time PCR

“…In half of them, the onset of the disease was before the first year of age. In the patients with non-aggressive course, the mean age of the disease onset was 5 years and 6 months, which corroborates the literature data [15].…”

“…In one study patients with disease onset <3 years had more severe disease, as measured by the mean number of the performed surgical procedures and by the number of the affected anatomical sites [15]. It has been suggested that the link between the young age at disease onset and the disease aggressiveness may be explained by immaturity of the immune response mechanisms [15].…”

Distribution and density of CD1a+ and CD83+ dendritic cells in HPV-associated laryngeal papillomas

“…Up to 3% of children with RRP will die of the disease [6]. The well-known negative prognostic factors of respiratory papillomatosis are early disease onset, high number of surgeries per year and HPV type 11 infection [5,7].…”

Children and partners of patients with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis have no evidence of the disease during long-term observation

“…High recurrence rate and tendency to spread throughout the respiratory tract make it difficult to treat, especially in cases associated with a long course of the disease and a malignant transformation [1,2]. The viral etiology of RRP [3] and the role of HPV type 6 and HPV type 11 in the course and prognosis of RRP are ultimately determined [4,5]. However, over the last years, an increase in the lifetime of patients even with severe forms of RRP, has been observed.…”

“…HPV type 11 infection itself confers a more aggressive course on RRP. It is marked by worse long-term response to therapy, higher incidence of malignant transformation and mortality during long-term observation [1,2,5]. Affected patients demonstrate a longer period of disease activity and are less likely to go into remission compared to patients infected with HPV type 6.…”