2-Arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate, an arachidonic acid-containing lysophosphatidic acid: occurrence and rapid enzymatic conversion to 2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycerol, a cannabinoid receptor ligand, in rat brain

Nakane, Shinji; Oka, Saori; Arai, Shunsuke; Waku, Keizo; Ishima, Yoshio; Tokumura, Akira; Sugiura, Takayuki

doi:10.1016/s0003-9861(02)00038-3

Cited by 99 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Together with our results, this suggests that sn-1-DAGL-␣ is not involved in DSI at inhibitory synapses in hippocampus. This may suggest that 2-AG is produced by different mechanisms at these synapses, involving another, hitherto unknown, synthesis pathway, such as the lysophosphatidic aciddependent route (Nakane et al, 2002). Alternatively, it may suggest that 2-AG is not the endocannabinoid mediating DSI at unitary inhibitory synaptic connections in hippocampus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diacylglycerol Lipase Is Not Involved in Depolarization-Induced Suppression of Inhibition at Unitary Inhibitory Connections in Mouse Hippocampus

Min¹,

Testa-Silva²,

Heistek³

et al. 2010

J. Neurosci.

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Endocannabinoids control hippocampal inhibitory synaptic transmission through activation of presynaptic CB 1 receptors. During depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition (DSI), endocannabinoids are synthesized upon postsynaptic depolarization. The endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) may mediate hippocampal DSI. Currently, the best studied pathway for biosynthesis of 2-AG involves the enzyme diacylglycerol lipase (DAGL). However, whether DAGL is necessary for hippocampal DSI is controversial and was not systematically addressed. Here, we investigate DSI at unitary connections between CB 1 receptor-containing interneurons and pyramidal neurons in CA1. We found that the novel DAGL inhibitor OMDM-188, as well as the established inhibitor RHC-80267, did not affect DSI. As reported previously, effects of the DAGL inhibitor tetrahydrolipstatin depended on the application method: postsynaptic intracellular application left DSI intact, while incubation blocked DSI. We show that all DAGL inhibitors tested block slow self-inhibition in neocortical interneurons, which involves DAGL. We conclude that DAGL is not involved in DSI at unitary connections in hippocampus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diacylglycerol Lipase Is Not Involved in Depolarization-Induced Suppression of Inhibition at Unitary Inhibitory Connections in Mouse Hippocampus

Min¹,

Testa-Silva²,

Heistek³

et al. 2010

J. Neurosci.

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show abstract

“…The results indicate the major contribution of DGL to 2-AG synthesis. Other pathways for 2-AG generation so far proposed include the sequential reactions by phospholipase A 1 (PLA 1 ) and lysoPI-specific PLC (495,522,529), the conversion from 2-arachidonoyl lysophosphatidic acid to 2-AG by phosphatase (373), and the formation from 2-arachidonoyl phosphatidic acid through 1-acyl-2-arachidonoylglycerol (41,68) (Fig. 4).…”

Section: Biosynthesis Of 2-agmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocannabinoid-Mediated Control of Synaptic Transmission

Kano¹,

Ohno‐Shosaku²,

Hashimotodani³

et al. 2009

Physiological Reviews

1,314

1,431

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The discovery of cannabinoid receptors and subsequent identification of their endogenous ligands (endocannabinoids) in early 1990s have greatly accelerated research on cannabinoid actions in the brain. Then, the discovery in 2001 that endocannabinoids mediate retrograde synaptic signaling has opened up a new era for cannabinoid research and also established a new concept how diffusible messengers modulate synaptic efficacy and neural activity. The last 7 years have witnessed remarkable advances in our understanding of the endocannabinoid system. It is now well accepted that endocannabinoids are released from postsynaptic neurons, activate presynaptic cannabinoid CB1 receptors, and cause transient and long-lasting reduction of neurotransmitter release. In this review, we aim to integrate our current understanding of functions of the endocannabinoid system, especially focusing on the control of synaptic transmission in the brain. We summarize recent electrophysiological studies carried out on synapses of various brain regions and discuss how synaptic transmission is regulated by endocannabinoid signaling. Then we refer to recent anatomical studies on subcellular distribution of the molecules involved in endocannabinoid signaling and discuss how these signaling molecules are arranged around synapses. In addition, we make a brief overview of studies on cannabinoid receptors and their intracellular signaling, biochemical studies on endocannabinoid metabolism, and behavioral studies on the roles of the endocannabinoid system in various aspects of neural functions.

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“…Previously, substantial amounts of LPA species were found in rat brain by GC analysis [20,21]. Here we report the highly selective and sensitive LC/MS/MS method for quantitative measurement of LPA species from rat brain cryosections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…A general approach used to quantify individual LPA species from biological samples has been gas chromatographic (GC) analysis [9,20,21]. Nonetheless, as an indirect method, GC requires thin layer chromatography (TLC) purification as well as hydrolysis and derivatization of non-volatile LPA prior to analysis and thus is extremely laborious and time-consuming.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of lysophosphatidic acids in rat brain tissue by liquid chromatography–electrospray tandem mass spectrometry

Aaltonen

Laitinen

Lehtonen

2010

Journal of Chromatography B

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2-Arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate, an arachidonic acid-containing lysophosphatidic acid: occurrence and rapid enzymatic conversion to 2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycerol, a cannabinoid receptor ligand, in rat brain

Cited by 99 publications

References 31 publications

Diacylglycerol Lipase Is Not Involved in Depolarization-Induced Suppression of Inhibition at Unitary Inhibitory Connections in Mouse Hippocampus

Diacylglycerol Lipase Is Not Involved in Depolarization-Induced Suppression of Inhibition at Unitary Inhibitory Connections in Mouse Hippocampus

Endocannabinoid-Mediated Control of Synaptic Transmission

Quantification of lysophosphatidic acids in rat brain tissue by liquid chromatography–electrospray tandem mass spectrometry

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