2. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes

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doi:10.2337/dc17-s005

Cited by 1,391 publications

(630 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…In addition, criteria for identifying pre‐diabetes were consistent from site to site as ADA criteria (IFG, 5.6‐6.9 mmol/L)22, 40 were used. The range for identifying IFG according to the World Health Organization is narrower (6.1‐6.9 mmol/L).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Before continuing to the laboratory screening session, written informed consent was obtained. Criteria for assessing pre‐diabetes were those recommended by the American Diabetes Association (ADA),22 namely, fasting venous plasma glucose concentration of 5.6‐6.9 mmol/L (IFG) and/or venous plasma glucose concentration of 7.8‐11.0 mmol/L at 2 hours (IGT) after oral administration of 75 g glucose during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) less than 7.0 mmol/L. Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was not used to determine eligibility.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Men and women respond differently to rapid weight loss: Metabolic outcomes of a multi‐centre intervention study after a low‐energy diet in 2500 overweight, individuals with pre‐diabetes (PREVIEW)

Christensen

Larsen

Westerterp-Plantenga

et al. 2018

Diabetes Obesity Metabolism

139

106

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AimsThe PREVIEW lifestyle intervention study (http://clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01777893) is, to date, the largest, multinational study concerning prevention of type‐2 diabetes. We hypothesized that the initial, fixed low‐energy diet (LED) would induce different metabolic outcomes in men vs women.Materials and methodsAll participants followed a LED (3.4 MJ/810 kcal/daily) for 8 weeks (Cambridge Weight Plan). Participants were recruited from 8 sites in Europe, Australia and New Zealand. Those eligible for inclusion were overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) individuals with pre‐diabetes according to ADA‐criteria. Outcomes of interest included changes in insulin resistance, fat mass (FM), fat‐free mass (FFM) and metabolic syndrome Z‐score.ResultsIn total, 2224 individuals (1504 women, 720 men) attended the baseline visit and 2020 (90.8%) completed the follow‐up visit. Following the LED, weight loss was 16% greater in men than in women (11.8% vs 10.3%, respectively) but improvements in insulin resistance were similar. HOMA‐IR decreased by 1.50 ± 0.15 in men and by 1.35 ± 0.15 in women (ns). After adjusting for differences in weight loss, men had larger reductions in metabolic syndrome Z‐score, C‐peptide, FM and heart rate, while women had larger reductions in HDL cholesterol, FFM, hip circumference and pulse pressure. Following the LED, 35% of participants of both genders had reverted to normo‐glycaemia.ConclusionsAn 8‐week LED induced different effects in women than in men. These findings are clinically important and suggest gender‐specific changes after weight loss. It is important to investigate whether the greater decreases in FFM, hip circumference and HDL cholesterol in women after rapid weight loss compromise weight loss maintenance and future cardiovascular health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Men and women respond differently to rapid weight loss: Metabolic outcomes of a multi‐centre intervention study after a low‐energy diet in 2500 overweight, individuals with pre‐diabetes (PREVIEW)

Christensen

Larsen

Westerterp-Plantenga

et al. 2018

Diabetes Obesity Metabolism

139

106

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Diabetes (fasting glucose ≥126 or 2 h glucose ≥200) and prediabetes (fasting glucose ≥100 or 2 h glucose ≥140) were defined according to the American Diabetes Association criteria 26. Consensus MetS criteria were used to define the MetS and its individual components, with the exception of body mass index (BMI) instead of waist circumference as these data were not available 27.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes and obesity are the main metabolic drivers of peripheral neuropathy

Callaghan

Gao

Li³

et al. 2018

Ann Clin Transl Neurol

158

110

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ObjectiveTo determine the associations between individual metabolic syndrome (MetS) components and peripheral neuropathy in a large population‐based cohort from Pinggu, China.MethodsA cross‐sectional, randomly selected, population‐based survey of participants from Pinggu, China was performed. Metabolic phenotyping and neuropathy outcomes were performed by trained personnel. Glycemic status was defined according to the American Diabetes Association criteria, and the MetS using modified consensus criteria (body mass index instead of waist circumference). The primary peripheral neuropathy outcome was the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI) examination. Secondary outcomes were the MNSI questionnaire and monofilament testing. Multivariable models were used to assess for associations between individual MetS components and peripheral neuropathy. Tree‐based methods were used to construct a classifier for peripheral neuropathy using demographics and MetS components.ResultsThe mean (SD) age of the 4002 participants was 51.6 (11.8) and 51.0% were male; 37.2% of the population had normoglycemia, 44.0% prediabetes, and 18.9% diabetes. The prevalence of peripheral neuropathy increased with worsening glycemic status (3.25% in normoglycemia, 6.29% in prediabetes, and 15.12% in diabetes, P < 0.0001). Diabetes (odds ratio [OR] 2.60, 95% CI 1.77–3.80) and weight (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.02–1.18) were significantly associated with peripheral neuropathy. Age, diabetes, and weight were the primary splitters in the classification tree for peripheral neuropathy.InterpretationSimilar to previous studies, diabetes and obesity are the main metabolic drivers of peripheral neuropathy. The consistency of these results reinforces the urgent need for effective interventions that target these metabolic factors to prevent and/or treat peripheral neuropathy.

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“…6 Patients were recruited from Diabetes Clinic, of Pediatric Hospital, Ain Shams University. The study was in agreement with the guidelines of the ethics committee at our hospital and an informed consent was obtained from all patients.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation between cutaneous and extracutaneous complications in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes

Kamel

Elhenawy

Saudi

2018

Dermato-Endocrinology

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Background: The relationship between cutaneous and extracutaneous complications in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes is unclear. Objective: The objective of the current study is to investigate the relationship between skin disorders and diabetic microangiopathic changes in pediatric and adolescent patients with type 1 diabetes. Patients and methods: Eighty patients with type 1 diabetes and 50 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. All recruited patients were followed up monthly for a total period of 12 month. Monthly visit included thorough clinical examination with system review, as well as whole-body cutaneous examination. HbA1c was assessed every 3 month. Twenty-four hours urine was collected for measurement of urinary albumin. Results: Fifty percent of the screened diabetic cohort had diabetic nephropathy (DN). The overall prevalence of cutaneous lesion among the studied diabetic cohort was high (72.5%), with cutaneous infections (40%) and xerosis (30%) being the most prevalent. The frequency of cutaneous infections, xerosis and rubeosis faciei was higher in patients with nephropathy than in those without nephropathy. Conclusion: cutaneous affection in patients with diabetes may be a clue to the presence of associated microangioapthic complications. The significant association between diabetic nephropathy and cutaneous lesions support the concept that cutaneous lesion in diabetes is a reflection of diabetic angiopathy, highlighting the importance of identifying patients at risk of other microvascular complications.

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2. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes

Cited by 1,391 publications

References 86 publications

Men and women respond differently to rapid weight loss: Metabolic outcomes of a multi‐centre intervention study after a low‐energy diet in 2500 overweight, individuals with pre‐diabetes (PREVIEW)

Men and women respond differently to rapid weight loss: Metabolic outcomes of a multi‐centre intervention study after a low‐energy diet in 2500 overweight, individuals with pre‐diabetes (PREVIEW)

Diabetes and obesity are the main metabolic drivers of peripheral neuropathy

Relation between cutaneous and extracutaneous complications in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes

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