2‐D/3‐D displays based on switchable lenticulars

Krijn, M. P. C. M.; Zwart, S.T. de; Boer, Dick K. G. de; Willemsen, Oscar H.; Sluijter, Maarten

doi:10.1889/1.2966446

Cited by 69 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Electrically switchable two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) displays have attracted great attention lately and various approaches have been proposed [66][67][68][69][70][71][72]. Among them, liquid crystal display (LCD) integrated with a lenticular microlens array provides an autostereoscopic multi-view 3D display with high brightness [68][69][70][71].…”

Section: Polymeric Lenticular Microlens Array For 2d/3d Switchable DImentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fast-Response Liquid Crystal Microlens

Liu

et al. 2014

Micromachines

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Electrically tunable liquid crystal microlenses have attracted strong research attention due to their advantages of tunable focusing, voltage actuation, low power consumption, simple fabrication, compact structure, and good stability. They are expected to be essential optical devices with widespread applications. However, the slow response time of nematic liquid crystal (LC) microlenses has been a significant technical barrier to practical applications and commercialization. LC/polymer composites, consisting of LC and monomer, are an important extension of pure LC systems, which offer more flexibility and much richer functionality than LC alone. Due to the anchoring effect of a polymer network, microlenses, based on LC/polymer composites, have relatively fast response time in comparison with pure nematic LC microlenses. In addition, polymer-stabilized blue phase liquid crystal (PS-BPLC) based on Kerr effect is emerging as a promising candidate for new photonics application. The major attractions of PS-BPLC are submillisecond response time and no need for surface alignment layer. In this paper, we review two types of fast-response microlenses based on LC/polymer composites: polymer dispersed/stabilized nematic LC and polymer-stabilized blue phase LC. Their basic operating principles are introduced and recent progress is reviewed by examples from recent literature. Finally, the major challenges and future perspectives are discussed. OPEN ACCESSMicromachines 2014, 5 301

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Section: Polymeric Lenticular Microlens Array For 2d/3d Switchable DImentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among them, liquid crystal display (LCD) integrated with a lenticular microlens array provides an autostereoscopic multi-view 3D display with high brightness [68][69][70][71]. In the 2D mode, each LC microlens has no focusing effect and the microlens array functions as an optical flat.…”

Section: Polymeric Lenticular Microlens Array For 2d/3d Switchable DImentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast-Response Liquid Crystal Microlens

Liu

et al. 2014

Micromachines

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“…This advanced optical design of the GRIN lens structure (patented in [21]) is based on the results of recent studies on GRIN lenses (cf. [5], p. 852). One important issue is that in the neighborhood of the electrodes the liquid crystal does not align properly along the electric field lines.…”

Section: B Experimental Results Of a Liquid-crystal Grin Lens Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…3). These features improve the electric field distribution inside the liquidcrystal layer and thus the lens performance [5,21]. The relative dielectric permittivity of the two additional dielectric layers should be in the range of common glass ͑3.0Յ r Յ 5.0͒.…”

Section: B Experimental Results Of a Liquid-crystal Grin Lens Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Ray-tracing simulations of liquid-crystal gradient-index lenses for three-dimensional displays

et al. 2009

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For the first time, to our knowledge, we report ray-tracing simulations of an advanced liquid-crystal gradientindex lens structure for application in switchable two-dimensional/three-dimensional (3D) autostereoscopic displays. We present ray-tracing simulations of the angular-dependent lens action. From the results we conclude that the lens action of the advanced optical design corresponds to the desired performance for small viewing angles. For oblique viewing angles of approximately 30°and higher, the lens action becomes significantly weaker compromising the 3D performance of an autostereoscopic display. The general approach and the advanced ray-optics analysis procedures presented form a useful tool in the search for improvements for high viewing angles and enable a better understanding of the liquid-crystal technology discussed.

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Fast Switchable Micro‐Lenticular Lens Arrays Using Highly Transparent Nano‐Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystals

Manda

Bhattacharyya²,

Lee

et al. 2019

Adv Materials Inter

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the lower driving voltages. However, the parallax barrier reduces transmittance to half, causes resolution loss and limits viewing angles due to slits in front of the display panel and the flat-type lenticular lens are not switchable. Furthermore, the switchable lenticular lens which utilizes nematic LC requires large cell gap to achieve enough periodic phase modulation between the adjacent electrodes for realizing the lensing effect, which results in slow switching response time in conventional devices with pure nematic LC. Besides, the quality of displayed image becomes distorted when the externally applied force is strong enough. Therefore, further investigations are required to achieve switchable LC lens with fast response time and a mechanical shock resilient network, which could satisfy the future demands of electronic devices with flexibility and bendability.Contrary to shortcomings of traditional modes, a binary composite of the optically isotropic liquid crystal (OILC) was introduced. Currently, there are two types of binary composites attracting liquid crystal display industrial research, one is nanostructured polymer dispersed liquid crystals (nano-PDLCs) and the other is the polymer-stabilized blue phase (PSBP). The great advantages of OILCs are resilience to external pressures, optically isotropy in the field-off state, wide viewing angle, cell gap independence, alignment layer-free, and rubbing-free allows simplification of device fabrication. [5][6][7][8] In addition, OILC exhibits fast switching times. [9][10][11][12] Owing to these revolutionary benefits many potential users became fascinated by OILCs.In addition, the nano-PDLC is a composite consisting of low molecular weight prepolymer and the LC. Optimized UV light intensity and materials, and concentration ratio of monomer to LC under ambient conditions result in the nanosized LC droplets encapsulated by polymer network viz., nano-PDLC in which the droplet size is smaller than the wavelength of visible light. [8,12] In addition, the random orientation of the LC director results in the optically isotropic phase so that the nano-PDLC exhibits excellent black state under the crossed polarizers. On the other hand, the PSBP also shows an optically isotropic phase with very fast electro-optic response. However, temperature sensitive phase separation and high hysteresis are hindering their extensive industrial applications. [7,13,14] Utilizing the benefits of OILCs, several photonic devices including polarization independent tunable microlens, [15][16][17] A polarization-dependent micro-lenticular lens array (MLA) based on phase modulation of the nanostructured polymer dispersed liquid crystal (nano-PDLC) is proposed. The transparent and optically isotropic composite is formed by photo-polymerization induced phase separation of the LC and pre-polymer mixture. The gradient field is generated by interdigitated electrodes and the LCs in nanosized droplets in nano-PDLC orient along the field direction, resulting in field-induced birefringence from the o...

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2‐D/3‐D displays based on switchable lenticulars

Cited by 69 publications

References 6 publications

Fast-Response Liquid Crystal Microlens

Fast-Response Liquid Crystal Microlens

Ray-tracing simulations of liquid-crystal gradient-index lenses for three-dimensional displays

Fast Switchable Micro‐Lenticular Lens Arrays Using Highly Transparent Nano‐Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystals

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