2. Locating the source of defective past tense marking in advanced L2 English speakers

Hawkins, Roger; Liszka, Sarah Ann

doi:10.1075/lald.30.03haw

Cited by 198 publications

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“…Another possible complication for Lardiere's proposal is that it cannot fully account for why certain learners do not find the syntax-to-morphology mapping problematic. For instance, a Chinese speaker in Hawkins and Liszka's (2003) study behaved very differently from Patty as this subject's rate of use of past tense morphology was as high as 77% which clearly contrasts with Patty's 35% production. Of course, this also highlights the shortcomings of not having a population of subjects so that results from a number of learners can be compared.…”

Section: Lardiere: the Role Of The Peripheriescontrasting

confidence: 39%

Review article: Knowledge of features in fossilized second language grammars

Domínguez

2007

Second Language Research

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This article examines two recent books on fossilization and assesses their contribution to our understanding of the causes of non-target performance in near-native grammars. The different accounts of fossilization these books present is outlined; one takes the view that a critical period prevents subjects from accessing syntactic features which are not available in their first language (L1), while the other takes the view that maturational problems make it difficult for learners to work out the mapping between syntactic features and their morphological expression. The contrasting consequences of each of these phenomena upon our understanding of fossilization, end-state grammars and the role played by the first language are highlighted. The possibility of moving away from a parameter-setting model of second language acquisition is discussed. Franceschina I Divergent L2 end-state grammarsOne unresolved question in second language acquisition is why certain morphosyntactic properties of stable grammars diverge from native

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Section: Lardiere: the Role Of The Peripheriescontrasting

confidence: 39%

Review article: Knowledge of features in fossilized second language grammars

Domínguez

2007

Second Language Research

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“…Yet despite the overt simplicity of the English verb agreement paradigm, first language (L1) Chinese learners of English as a second language (L2ers) are notoriously unreliable in supplying verbs with inflections for agreement and tense, even after many years of immersion in the L2 (e.g., Lardière, 2003Lardière, , 2006. For some language researchers, this inflectional difficulty is in line with the view that the acquisition of L2 morphology and syntax is constrained by a critical period that precludes attaining native proficiency in grammatical features present in the L2 but absent in the L1 (e.g., Hawkins, 2000Hawkins, , 2001Hawkins & Chan, 1997;Hawkins & Liszka, 2003). However, other researchers attribute grammatical deviance in even proficient L2ers to resource limitations rather than to deficient mental representations for the L2 grammatical features (e.g., McDonald, 2006;Miyake & Friedman, 1998;Prévost & White, 2000).…”

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confidence: 65%

Late L2ers can acquire grammatical features that do not occur in their L1: Evidence from the effect of animacy on verb agreement in L1 Chinese

Lempert

2015

Mem Cogn

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Second language (L2) learners often have persistent difficulty with agreement between the number of the subject and the number of the verb. This study tested whether deviant L2 verb number agreement reflects maturational constraints on acquiring new grammatical features or resource limitations that impede access to the representations of L2 grammatical features. L1-Chinese undergraduate students at three age of arrival (AoA) levels were tested for online verb agreement accuracy by completing preambles in three animacy combinations: animate-inanimate [AI; e.g., The officer(s) from the station(s)], inanimate-animate [IA; e.g., The letters from the lawyer(s)], and inanimate-inanimate [II; e.g., The poster(s) from the museum(s)]. AI should be less costly to process than IA or II sequences, because animacy supports the subject in AI but competes with the subject for control of agreement in IA sequences, and is neutralized in II. Agreement accuracy was greater overall for AI than for IA or II, and although an AoArelated increase in erroneous agreement after plural subjects occurred for IA and II, there were no AoA effects for AI. Higher scores on memory tasks were associated with greater agreement accuracy, and the memory tasks significantly predicted variance in erroneous agreement when AoA was partialed out. The fact that even late learners can do verb agreement in the case of AI demonstrates that they can acquire new grammatical features. The greater difficulty with agreement in the case of IA or II than of AI, in conjunction with the results for the memory tasks, supports the resource limitation hypothesis.

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“…Hawkins and colleagues (e.g. Hawkins and Chan, 1997;Franceschina, 2001;Hawkins and Liszka, 2003;Hawkins et al, 2006), with their Failed Functional Features Hypothesis (recently known as the Representational Deficit Hypothesis), have also argued for persistent L1 influence owing to critical period effects to explain certain Youhanaee and Dawwari (2005) on the acquisition of psych verbs in L3 English by Arabic-Persian bilinguals; Na Ranong and Leung (2005) on L1 Thai-L2 English-L3 Mandarin Chinese null subjects and null objects as well as Jaensch (in progress) on the acquisition of German DPs by Japanese-English bilinguals with differing L2 and L3 proficiency levels.…”

Section: Current Expanding Field Of L3 Syntaxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Third language acquisition: why it is interesting to generative linguists

Leung

2007

Second Language Research

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International audienceThe present article reviews three collections of papers edited by Cenoz and colleagues on the topic of third language (L3) acquisition from perspectives including psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics and education. Our focus is on psycholinguistics, in particular, lexical acquisition studies, and with particular reference to two central notions in the study of L3, namely, language-selectiveness and cross-linguistic influence. The article also discusses expansion of the study of L3 acquisition into the Universal Grammar/Second Language Acquisition (UG/SLA) paradigm, and closes by looking at future directions for the L3 field

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2. Locating the source of defective past tense marking in advanced L2 English speakers

Cited by 198 publications

References 0 publications

Review article: Knowledge of features in fossilized second language grammars

Review article: Knowledge of features in fossilized second language grammars

Late L2ers can acquire grammatical features that do not occur in their L1: Evidence from the effect of animacy on verb agreement in L1 Chinese

Third language acquisition: why it is interesting to generative linguists

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