2007 Korean National Growth Charts: review of developmental process and an outlook

Moon, Jin Soo; Lee, Soon Young; Nam, Chung Mo; Choi, Joong Myung; Choe, Bong-Keun; Seo, Jung Won; Oh, Kyungwon; Jang, Mijung; Hwang, Seung Sik; Yoo, Myung Hwan; Kim, Young Taek; Lee, Chong Guk

doi:10.3345/kjp.2008.51.1.1

Cited by 427 publications

(356 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…P values are derived from PROC SURVEY-FREQ for categorical variables (age, BMI status, region, household income, and frequency of milk intake) and from the t test for daily Ca intake. *Underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese defined as BMI ,5th, $5th to ,85th, $85th to ,95th and $95th percentile, respectively, of the ageand sex-specific BMI percentiles of the Korean national reference standards (8) . -Seoul, Gyeonggi, Busan, Daegu, Incheon, Gwangju, Daejeoun and Ulsan were grouped as urban areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inadequate calcium intake is highly prevalent in Korean children and adolescents: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2007–2010

Kim

Lee

et al. 2013

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: The present study aimed to assess the adequacy of Ca intake and major food sources of Ca in Korean children and adolescents. Design: A cross-sectional study. Setting: Data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2007-2010. We analysed the daily Ca intake, major food sources of Ca and the prevalence of inadequate Ca intake in the study population. Ca intake was categorized as inadequate when the participant's daily Ca intake was less than the Estimated Average Requirement. Subject: The study population consisted of 7233 children and adolescents (3973 boys, 3260 girls; aged 1-18 years). Results: Mean Ca intake was 510?2 mg/d in boys and 431?7 mg/d in girls. Overall, 75?0 % of adolescents (boys 71?6 %, girls 79?1 %) had inadequate Ca intake. The prevalence of inadequate Ca intake increased significantly from toddlers (45-55 %) to adolescents (78-86 %) in both genders. The highest ranked food sources for Ca were dairy products (35?0 %), followed by vegetables (17?3 %), grains (11?3 %) and seafood (9?9 %). Ca intake from dairy products decreased significantly from 57 % in toddlers to 30 % in adolescents, while Ca intakes from other foods increased with age. Conclusions: Inadequate Ca intake is highly prevalent and increased with age in Korean children and adolescents. It should be emphasized to encourage children and adolescents to eat more Ca-rich products to meet their Ca needs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Obesity, overweight and underweight were categorized according to the age-and sex-specific percentiles for BMI of the Korean national reference standards (8) . Underweight, normal weight, overweight and obesity were defined as a BMI percentile of ,5th, $5th to ,85th, $85th to ,95th and $95th, respectively.…”

Section: Data Collection and Study Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inadequate calcium intake is highly prevalent in Korean children and adolescents: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2007–2010

Kim

Lee

et al. 2013

Public Health Nutr.

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“…The age-and sexadjusted BMI Z score was obtained using a Korean growth chart (35) . Children and adolescents were considered to be obese if their BMI was of the 95th percentile or greater for their age and sex or if their BMI was 25 kg/m 2 or higher, and overweight was defined as having 85th ≤ BMI < 95th percentile for age and sex (35,36) . This study used WC as a measure of abdominal adiposity (37) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of sodium intake with obesity among Korean children and adolescents: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Lee

Kim

2016

Br J Nutr

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We investigated whether dietary and urinary Na is associated with adiposity in Korean children and adolescents (10-18 years), a population with a high salt intake. Study subjects were Korean children and adolescents who participated in the cross-sectional nationally representative Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010Survey ( -2011. This study used measures of dietary (24-h dietary recall) and urinary Na (Na:creatinine ratio) and three methods to determine obesity (BMI, waist circumference (WC) and total body per cent fat (TBPF)). Higher Na intake was significantly associated with obesity, adjusting for the covariates. Subjects in the highest tertile of urinary Na excretion had a significantly higher OR for higher adiposity compared with those in the lowest tertile (multivariate-adjusted OR 3·13 (95 % CI 1·81, 5·50) for BMI, 2·15 (95 % CI 1·27, 3·66) for WC and 1·92 (95 % CI 1·29, 2·86) for TBPF, respectively). Na intake estimated by the 24-h recall method also showed significant association with adiposity (multivariate-adjusted OR 2·79 (95 % CI 1·66, 4·68) for BMI and 2·14 (95 % CI 1·25, 3·67) for WC, respectively). The significant associations between Na and adiposity remained significant after additionally adjusting for sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption. Our results revealed a significant positive association between urinary and dietary Na and adiposity in Korean children and adolescents, independent of SSB consumption.

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“…BMI was estimated as the weight in kg/square of the height in meters (kg/m 2 ). Because height, weight, BMI and waist circumference (WC) were not evenly distributed between various age groups of children, the standard deviation scores (SDS) of these measures were used and determined using the LMS method according to the 2007 Korean National Growth Charts [10]. Blood pressure (BP) was measured using a standard protocol.…”

Section: Anthropometric Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irisin is a biomarker for metabolic syndrome in prepubertal children

et al. 2018

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Abstract. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association of irisin with obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Korean prepubertal children. A total of 96 children and adolescents aged 6 to 10 years (56 males) were included in this study. Subjects were divided into 3 groups: normal weight (n = 54), overweight (n = 16), and obese (n = 26). In the subgroup analyses, overweight/obese children were further divided based on their MetS status (with MetS vs. without MetS). Children with obesity tended to exhibit a lower mean irisin concentration compared to those with normal weight (p = 0.028). Using Pearson's correlation coefficient to compare all the children in the study, there was a significant inverse correlation between irisin and body mass index (BMI) standard deviation scores (SDS) (r = -0.210, p = 0.041), waist circumference SDS (r = -0.203, p = 0.049), and glucose (r = -0.296, p = 0.004). In the subgroup analyses of overweight/obese children, irisin exhibited a significant inverse correlation with glucose (r = -0.507, p = 0.001) and triglycerides (r = -0.331, p = 0.033). Children with MetS exhibited lower irisin concentrations than those without MetS (14.70 ng/mL vs. 22.02 ng/mL, p = 0.001), and these associations were significant after adjusting for age, gender, and BMI SDS (14.51 ng/mL vs. 22.06 ng/mL, p = 0.002). The irisin level of 15.43 ng/mL was determined to be a possible cutoff to distinguish children with metabolic syndrome from overweight/obese children, with a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 94% (p < 0.001). Our results suggest that decreased irisin levels may be associated with MetS in prepubertal children and that irisin might be a biomarker for MetS in prepubertal children. WITH an increasing population of overweight and obese children, metabolic complications associated with being overweight/obese, such as insulin resistance, hypertension and dyslipidemia, have become a major public health concern [1]. The incidence of childhood metabolic syndrome (MetS), which is closely related to insulin resistance, is defined as a clustering of abdominal obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and glucose intolerance and is increasing around the world, including in Korea [2]. The clustering of metabolic risk factors begins in childhood [3], and these multiple risk factors tend to persist from childhood into adulthood [4]. Childhood MetS is a risk factor for MetS, cardiovascular diseases and Submitted Jun. 15, 2017; Accepted Aug. 16, 2017 as EJ17-0260 Released online in J-STAGE as advance publication Sep. 12, 2017 Correspondence to: Il Tae Hwang, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 150 Seongan-ro, Gangdong-gu, Seoul, Korea, 05338 E-mail: ithwang83@hallym.or.kr type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in adulthood [5]. It is therefore important to identify early MetS in children and adolescents.Recently, adipokines (i.e., adipocyte-secreted proteins) and myokines (i.e., myocyte-secreted proteins) have been s...

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2007 Korean National Growth Charts: review of developmental process and an outlook

Cited by 427 publications

References 26 publications

Inadequate calcium intake is highly prevalent in Korean children and adolescents: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2007–2010

Inadequate calcium intake is highly prevalent in Korean children and adolescents: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2007–2010

Relationship of sodium intake with obesity among Korean children and adolescents: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Irisin is a biomarker for metabolic syndrome in prepubertal children

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