2020 update on the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system in pediatric kidney disease and its interactions with coronavirus

Silva, Ana Cristina Simões e; Lanza, Katharina; Palmeira, Vitória Andrade; Costa, Larissa Braga; Flynn, Joseph T.

doi:10.1007/s00467-020-04759-1

Cited by 33 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 141 publications

(279 reference statements)

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“…The reno-protective effects of ACE inhibitors and AT1R blockers in diabetic nephropathy and renal ischemia have suggested that the classical RAS axis is involved in the pathogenesis and progression of nephropathies [ 135 , 136 ]. On the other hand, several studies have shown that Ang 1–7, via Mas receptor activation, were reno-protective by counteracting AT1R-mediated Ang II renal damage [ 133 , 134 , 137 , 138 ]. It has been suggested that SARS-CoV-2 promoted both inhibition of ACE2 activity and lysosomal degradation of membrane-bound ACE2.…”

Section: Covid-19 and Acute Kidney Injury (Aki)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Catechins: Therapeutic Perspectives in COVID-19-Associated Acute Kidney Injury

Diniz¹,

Elshabrawy

Souza

et al. 2021

Molecules

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Data obtained from several intensive care units around the world have provided substantial evidence of the strong association between impairment of the renal function and in-hospital deaths of critically ill COVID-19 patients, especially those with comorbidities and requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT). Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common renal disorder of various etiologies characterized by a sudden and sustained decrease of renal function. Studies have shown that 5–46% of COVID-19 patients develop AKI during hospital stay, and the mortality of those patients may reach up to 100% depending on various factors, such as organ failures and RRT requirement. Catechins are natural products that have multiple pharmacological activities, including anti-coronavirus and reno-protective activities against kidney injury induced by nephrotoxic agents, obstructive nephropathies and AKI accompanying metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. Therefore, in this review, we discuss the anti-SARS-CoV-2 and reno-protective effects of catechins from a mechanistic perspective. We believe that catechins may serve as promising therapeutics in COVID-19-associated AKI due to their well-recognized anti-SARS-CoV-2, and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that mediate their reno-protective activities.

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Section: Covid-19 and Acute Kidney Injury (Aki)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Catechins: Therapeutic Perspectives in COVID-19-Associated Acute Kidney Injury

Diniz¹,

Elshabrawy

Souza

et al. 2021

Molecules

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“…Ang-I has several ensuing fates that depend on the type of angiotensin converting enzymes present. This has been thoroughly reviewed by Silva et al in the paper discussing the interaction of RAAS with coronavirus ( 33 ). In the classical pathway, Ang-I is cleaved by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), a dicarboxypeptidase located on the surface of endothelial cells mainly in the pulmonary and intestinal capillaries ( 34 ), into an 8 amino acid peptide angiotensin II (Ang-II).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A narrative review of Hyporeninemic hypertension—an indicator for monogenic forms of hypertension

Mashmoushi¹,

Wolf²

2022

Pediatr Med

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Background and Objective: While the role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the development of hypertension is well known, the significance and contribution of low renin hypertension is often overlooked. RAAS stimulation results in more tubular absorption of sodium and water along the nephron, contributing to a higher circulating vascular volume. In addition, members of the RAAS system, such as angiotensin II, have direct effects on vascular vasoconstriction, the heart, aldosterone synthesis in the adrenal glands, the sympathetic nervous system, and the central nervous system. This has resulted in a line of antihypertensive therapeutics targeting RAAS with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), and renin inhibitors, which prevent conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin. While general practitioners and nephrologists are well aware of the causes and the long-term consequences of elevated renin and aldosterone levels, the opposite situation with low renin and/or low aldosterone levels is frequently underappreciated. The objective of this review is to provide insight to the less common forms of hyporeninemic hypertension. Methods: We searched the PubMed online library for keywords related to hyporeninemic hypertension and focused on the pediatric population. For pathophysiology we focused on literature of the last 5 years. Key Content and Findings: The low renin and aldosterone levels may be indicators of inherited (especially when associated with hypokalemia), monogenic forms of hypertension stimulating excessive tubular sodium and water absorption which subsequently results in plasma volume expansion and hypertension. These forms of hypertension require frequently specific forms of therapy. This underlines the importance of the practitioner to be familiar with these rare diseases. Conclusions: In this review article, we outline the different forms of hypertension characterized by low renin/low aldosterone and low renin/high aldosterone levels, how to diagnose these forms of hypertension, and how to treat them.

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“…The reno-protective effects of ACE inhibitors and AT1R blockers in diabetic nephropathy and renal ischemia have suggested that the classical RAS axis is involved in the pathogenesis and progression of nephropathies [135,136]. On the other hand, several studies have shown that Ang 1-7, via Mas receptor activation, were reno-protective by counteracting AT1R-mediated Ang II renal damage [133,134,137,138]. It has been suggested that SARS-CoV-2 promoted both inhibition of ACE2 activity and lysosomal degradation of membrane-bound ACE2.…”

Section: Covid-19 and Acute Kidney Injury (Aki)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Molecular Strategies

2023

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working in the field of biorganic chemistry. He has strong scientific and teaching connections with Yerevan State University (Armenia) with which he works on two funded research projects, AMU University of Poznan (Poland) for which he served as a lecturer for the nucleic acids course for Ph.D. students in 2021 and with Geomedi University of Tbilisi (Georgia) having been appointed the honorary professorship in medicinal chemistry for this university in 2012. He is currently a lecturer for the Georgian State University of Physical Education and Sport of Tbilisi (Georgia) helding a course on the 'Biotechnological Basis of the Physical Rehabilitation' and is the principal investigator for CNR for different international research activities including the EU-funded project NobiasFluors (ID 872331; 2020-2024), the Royal Society (UK)-funded project 'Design, synthesis and in vitro evaluation of TMPRSS2 inhibitor analogues as potential novel anti-COVID-19 drugs' (2022-2024), the project code 21T-1D057 funded by the Science Committee of the Republic of Armenia (2021-2024), and the MESRA (Armenia)-CNR-funded bilateral project 'Synthetic alpha-amino acids and peptide-based systems for anticancer strategies' (2023-2025) to cite only a few. He serves as an academic editor for different international scientific journals and is author of more than 100 scientific articles.

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2020 update on the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system in pediatric kidney disease and its interactions with coronavirus

Cited by 33 publications

References 141 publications

Catechins: Therapeutic Perspectives in COVID-19-Associated Acute Kidney Injury

Catechins: Therapeutic Perspectives in COVID-19-Associated Acute Kidney Injury

A narrative review of Hyporeninemic hypertension—an indicator for monogenic forms of hypertension

Potential Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Molecular Strategies

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