21st Lennä Frances Cooper Memorial Lecture: Nutrition research by and about women

Calloway, Doris Howes

doi:10.1016/s0002-8223(21)08218-3

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In 1983, Dr Calloway was named the Lenna Frances Cooper Memorial Lecturer by the American Dietetic Association (now the Academy for Nutrition and Dietetics), given annually to one member in the name of the cofounder of the American Dietetic Association. The recipient is “a noted lecturer who has contributed to the profession through service and is considered an individual who is a source of inspiration and serves as an outstanding role model.” As such, at the annual meeting of the American Dietetic Association in 1983, Dr Calloway presented the 21st Cooper Lecture “Nutrition Research by and about Women,” which was subsequently published 32 …”

Section: Recognizing Dr Calloway's Contributions and Expertisementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Awards and Honors for Doris Howes Calloway, PhD and serves as an outstanding role model." As such, at the annual meeting of the American Dietetic Association in 1983, Dr Calloway presented the 21st Cooper Lecture "Nutrition Research by and about Women," which was subsequently published 32. Dr Calloway was awarded the Conrad A. Elvehjem Award for public service in 1983 by the American Institute of Nutrition (now the American Society for Nutrition), although she had not yet conducted the Nutrition Collaborative Research Support Program project,…”

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confidence: 99%

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Doris Howes Calloway

et al. 2023

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Throughout her career, Doris Howes Calloway sought to understand what influences human protein and energy requirements and metabolism in controlled and field settings. Much of her research became the basis for national and international dietary recommendations, many of which are in use today. She served on many committees of the US Food and Nutrition Board/National Research Council/Institute of Medicine and the Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization of the United Nations. Concerned about populations where marginal malnutrition is often overlooked, Dr Calloway led a major United States Agency for International Development–funded multiuniversity research project in low-income countries to better understand the effects of moderate malnutrition on growth and health. She led this extensive multinational study while serving as provost, the first woman in the senior administration at the University of California, Berkeley campus. Toward the end of her professional career, she was appointed chair of the 1995 Dietary Guidelines for Americans Advisory Committee. Her interest in food and nutrition policy helped reorient dietary guidance both in the United States and internationally. Dr Calloway's scientific and humanitarian accomplishments were extended further through the subsequent research and leadership activities of her colleagues, graduate students, and others whom she mentored.

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Section: Recognizing Dr Calloway's Contributions and Expertisementioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Doris Howes Calloway

et al. 2023

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“…In 1984, Dr Calloway wrote that "women must reassert a position of leadership to achieve this goal" of equity and fair representation in the field of nutrition. 1…”

Section: The Life and Times Of Doris Howes Callowaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, less evidence by women was cited and used to base food and nutrition policy. In 1984, Dr Calloway wrote that “women must reassert a position of leadership to achieve this goal” of equity and fair representation in the field of nutrition 1 …”

Section: The Life and Times Of Doris Howes Callowaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Doris Howes Calloway

et al. 2022

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At the beginning of her career after World War II, Doris Howes Calloway pushed forward into the rapidly expanding world of science and medicine and, for more than 50 years, focused her energies, abilities, and knowledge of foods, biochemistry, and physiology to advance the field of human nutrition as a science and to improve public health for all. She extended the importance of her research and thinking into contemporary social issues of poverty, disparity, diversity, and inequities of hunger and malnutrition. Dr Calloway was a product of her times, overcoming obstacles presented by the Great Depression, World War II, and male dominance in science. Throughout her career, she advocated for the training, hiring, and promotion of women and for racial/ethnic diversity among students and faculty. Her legacy is that of a humanitarian as well as of a stellar scientist, university administrator, leader, and mentor. Dr Calloway was a renowned human nutrition scientist revered by her colleagues and students. Her research interests were broad with a far-reaching impact. Her pioneering research helped to establish protein and energy requirements, and the interaction of nutrition and physical activity. Later, her research extended to food composition and food properties, altered needs during space flight, nutrient requirements of reproductive women, and essential amino acid, mineral, and folate requirements. She ventured outside the laboratory to investigate nutritional problems among Native American, migrant, and other underserved populations. Her visionary approach to research, community interventions, and mentoring led to science-based strategies to improve the nutritional status of vulnerable populations in Mexico, Egypt, and Kenya. The constant throughout Dr Calloway's research was the impact of nutrition on the health, performance, and well-being of the population. She was particularly concerned about the physiological consequences of food inadequacy among impoverished populations. Dr Calloway referred to this work as a “foray into the real-world nutrition problems.” Her work addressed contemporary social issues related to food access and quality, including health disparities. At a time when many scientists were narrowly focused, Dr Calloway maintained a broad portfolio of inclusiveness in her research and its application. Twenty years after her death, Dr Calloway's work continues to influence global nutrition as a result of her pioneering research theories and techniques. The scope of her contributions to human nutrition reaches far beyond her own research, to the outstanding contributions made through her 33 graduate students and numerous postdoctoral fellows and visiting scientists. She passed on to this network of students not only her excellent research methods and their applications but also her personal values of rigor, objectivity, integrity, and human equality. Dr Calloway's students continue her legacy, and many are now recognized as major contributors in the research and application of nutrition theory and practice. This article is the first in a series of publications that focus on the areas of research that Dr Calloway conducted, the impact of her work at the time the findings were published, and the continued contributions to contemporary scientific discourse around human nutrition, dietetics, and public health.

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“…Yet so many of Mendel's women became leading figures in the emerging science of nutrition that this was where they had their greatest collective impact (20). In particular several found their niche in the growing and feminized world of "home economics" at land-grant and a few other institutions in the 1920's and 1930's.…”

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confidence: 99%