22.4 A 27.8μW Biopotential Amplifier Tolerant to 30V&lt;inf&gt;pp&lt;/inf&gt; Common-Mode Interference for Two-Electrode ECG Recording in 0.18μm CMOS

Koo, Nahmil; Cho, SeongHwan

doi:10.1109/isscc.2019.8662373

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Techniques should be developed to suppress such huge instantaneous CMI. The work [19] proposed a common mode charging pump (CMCP) technique to suppress the common mode interference from power line coupling, while it really cancels out a certain amount of common mode voltage. However, when coupled common mode potential changes over time and environment, the capacitor's charging speed will be the bottleneck of the reported design.…”

Section: Common Mode Averaging Unit (Cmau)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the cables between the recording electrode and reference electrode and the ground electrode wire still exist and couples a huge amount of CMI from the environment. The work in [19] proposed a charge pump technique to reduce the ground electrode's use, so the number of wires is further reduced; this successfully compensates for the continuous CMI, but the charge pump would not be fast enough to compensate for the instantaneous CMI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Active Concentric Electrode for Concurrent EEG Recording and Body-Coupled Communication (BCC) Data Transmission

Tang

Yan

Park

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Biomed. Circuits Syst.

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This paper presents a wearable active concentric electrode for concurrent EEG monitoring and a Body-Coupled Communication (BCC) data transmission. A 3-layer concentric electrode eliminates the wires. A common mode averaging unit (CMAU) is proposed to cancel not only the continuous commonmode interference (CMI) but also the instantaneous CMI of up to 51Vpp. The localized potential matching technique removes the ground electrode. An open-loop programmable gain amplifier (OPPGA) with the pseudo-resistor-based RC-divider block is presented to save the silicon area. The presented work is the first reported so far to achieve the concurrent EEG signal recording and BCC-based data transmission. The proposed chip achieves 100 dB CMRR and 110 dB PSRR, occupies 0.044 mm 2 , and consumes 7.4 µW with an input-referred noise density of 26 nV/√Hz.

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Section: Common Mode Averaging Unit (Cmau)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Active Concentric Electrode for Concurrent EEG Recording and Body-Coupled Communication (BCC) Data Transmission

Tang

Yan

Park

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Biomed. Circuits Syst.

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“…In [2], with the electrode-impedance mismatch increased from 0 to 800 k, the CMRR of the overall system was degraded from 102 to 42 dB. Moreover, higher CMRR is required in two-electrode acquisition systems where much larger CM interference has to be considered [10]- [12]. The total CMRR (TCMRR) is determined by the intrinsic CMRR of the front-end instrumentation amplifier (IA) as well as the mismatch of source impedance, while the latter has to be accommodated by large input CM impedance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 130-dB CMRR Instrumentation Amplifier With Common-Mode Replication

Zhang

Zhou

Gao

et al. 2022

IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits

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High common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR) of an analog front end (AFE) requires high intrinsic CMRR of the front-end amplifier with high input common-mode (CM) impedance. This article presents a common-mode replication (CM-REP) technique, which replicates the input CM voltage over the front-end amplifier. By eliminating the CM current flow and its mismatch effect, CM-REP improves CMRR and input CM impedance simultaneously. Implementation considerations regarding the input CM range, on-chip, and off-chip parasitics have been discussed with practical techniques incorporated with the proposed CM-REP. Fabricated in a 0.18-μm CMOS technology, the measured instrumentation amplifier (IA) exhibits >130-dB CMRR and 50-G input CM impedance at 50/60 Hz concurrently. The >110-dB CMRR is achieved with input CM up to 900 mV pp and >102-dB total CMRR (TCMRR) is obtained with 1-M || 10-nF mismatch of source impedance. The prototype consumes 1.86 μA from a 1.8-V supply and occupies an active area of 0.227 mm 2 .

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“…Therefore, users require that the ECG monitoring devices be comfortable and portable for rapid disease detection and convenience. Thus, two-electrode monitoring is more popular than three-electrode monitoring [4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the input exceeds the power supply range, as shown in Figure 2, the electrostatic discharge (ESD) diodes are turned on, and the signals are saturated. The common-mode charge pump (CMCP) schemes with single comparator to suppress the CMI were reported [4,5]. In these schemes, the switching noise and intermodulation distortions caused by the CMCP operation can distort the ECG signals In this paper, the common-mode charge pump (CMCP) with window comparator is proposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Noise, Low-Power Readout IC for Two-Electrode ECG Recording Using Common-Mode Charge Pump for Robust 20-VPP Common-Mode Interference

et al. 2022

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A low-noise and -power readout integrated circuit (IC) for two-electrode electrocardiogram (ECG) recording is developed in this study using a common-mode charge pump (CMCP) for a robust 20-VPP common-mode interference (CMI). Two-electrode ECG recording offers more comfort than three-electrode ECG recording. Contrasting to the three-electrode ECG recording, the two-electrode ECG recording is affected by CMI during measurements; the intervention of a large CMI will distort the ECG signal measurement. To achieve robustness for the CMI, the proposed ECG readout IC adopts CMCP—it uses switched capacitors that store and subtract CMI by control logic. In this paper, a window comparator structure is applied to CMCP to obtain a signal with less distortion. The window voltage ranges were set between the input common-mode ranges in which IA can operate. Therefore, a signal with less distortion was obtained by stopping the operation of CMCP between the window voltage ranges. It also reduced additional current consumption. To achieve this, the proposed circuit is implemented using a chopper stabilization technique. The chopper implemented in the amplifier can reduce low-frequency noise components, such as 1/f noise, and it comprises a CMCP, current feedback instrumentation amplifier, QRS peak detector, relaxation oscillator, voltage reference, timing generator, and serial peripheral interface on a single chip. The proposed circuit was designed using a standard 0.18 μm CMOS process with an active area of 0.54 mm2. The proposed CMCP achieves a CMI robustness of 20 VPP at 60 Hz. The measured input-referred noise level was 119 nV/√Hz at 1 Hz, and the power consumption was 23.83 μW with a 1.8 V power supply.

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22.4 A 27.8μW Biopotential Amplifier Tolerant to 30V<inf>pp</inf> Common-Mode Interference for Two-Electrode ECG Recording in 0.18μm CMOS

Cited by 9 publications

References 3 publications

An Active Concentric Electrode for Concurrent EEG Recording and Body-Coupled Communication (BCC) Data Transmission

An Active Concentric Electrode for Concurrent EEG Recording and Body-Coupled Communication (BCC) Data Transmission

A 130-dB CMRR Instrumentation Amplifier With Common-Mode Replication

Low-Noise, Low-Power Readout IC for Two-Electrode ECG Recording Using Common-Mode Charge Pump for Robust 20-VPP Common-Mode Interference

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