22-year survival following radical nephrectomy and several metastasectomies in a case of renal cell carcinoma

Abstract

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common malignancy. Metastases can be seen both synchronously, at the time of diagnosis, and metachronously during follow-up. At the time of diagnosis, 23% of the patients have metastatic disease. and 25% of patients will develop metastasis during follow-up period after nephrectomy. Nearly 80% of them develop within the first 5 years. However late metastasis of RCC have been also reported within the postoperative 10 years in the literature. For metastatic lesions, if surgically feasible, metastasectomy, and targeted pharmaceutical agents have been recommended. However any randomized controlled study which aimed to determine treatment protocol in patients who develop multiple metastases has not been cited in the literature. Herein, we are presenting a case with renal cell carcinoma in whom within 22 years of follow-up after 10 years of survival multiple metastases in different organs were detected which were managed with surgical, and medical treatments. As far as we know, this case is the first patient with the longest survival whose non-pulmonary metastases had been treated with more than one surgical interventions.

A case report of renal cell carcinoma metastasis revealed through late‐onset thyroid nodules

“…Most recurrences, approximately 78%, occur within the first five years following nephrectomy. However, late metastasis, defined as distant recurrence occurring more than 10 years after nephrectomy, is not an uncommon occurrence in patients with renal cell carcinoma 5 . The most common sites for metastatic RCC are the lungs, lymph nodes, bone, and liver.…”

“…However, late metastasis, defined as distant recurrence occurring more than 10 years after nephrectomy, is not an uncommon occurrence in patients with renal cell carcinoma. 5 The most common sites for metastatic RCC are the lungs, lymph nodes, bone, and liver. The precise mechanism of RCC metastasis is still unknown; however, hematogenous metastasis, lymphogenous dissemination, and direct invasion are some possible ways.…”