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Федоров, В. А.; Zhukov, E. G.; Nikolashin, S. V.; Potolokov, V. N.; Serov, A. V.; Smetanin, A. V.

doi:10.1023/a:1012370808738

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Oxidic metals predominantly bound to the oxygen and formed the remaining slag. Elements with a low sublimation temperature [28,29], such as arsenic or zinc, were removed below the detection limits in the matte as well as in the remaining slag. All other elements were recovered proportionally to their density values in the liquid state.…”

Section: Recoveriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of Recovering Valuable and Toxic Metals from Copper Slag Using Iron-Containing Additives

Mitrašinović,

Yuankun,

Stopic

et al. 2023

Metals

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One of the greatest environmental challenges in metal extraction is the generation of a large amount of slag. Most of these slags contain insufficient amounts of valuable metals for economical revalorization, but these concentrations may be harmful for the environment. At present, more than 80% of the global copper products are obtained by the smelting process, where the major by-products are various slags containing a broad range of almost all known elements. In this study, valuable and potentially harmful elements were recovered from mining waste using gravity separation and gravity settling. The settling process was enhanced by injecting coke, ferrocarbon, ferrosilicon, and ferrosulfide. In total, 35 elements were detected in the samples using electron probe microanalysis. After the treatment, 89.4% of the valuable, toxic, and trace elements gathered in the newly formed matte after maintaining the copper slag for four hours at 1300 °C and adding ferrosilicon. The metallic constituents of slags could be an important source of raw materials and they could be considered an environmentally beneficial source of copper and other materials. Suggested practices can prevent harmful elements from entering the environment, generate value from the gathered metals, and make the remaining slag suitable for construction or mine backfill materials. The present article also assesses the challenges in slag processing by the pyrometallurgical route and provides a roadmap for further investigations and large-scale studies.

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Section: Recoveriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of Recovering Valuable and Toxic Metals from Copper Slag Using Iron-Containing Additives

Mitrašinović,

Yuankun,

Stopic

et al. 2023

Metals

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“…Some materials (such as zinc and cadmium) sublimate at low pressures and thus may cause problems in high-vacuum applications. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Carbon dioxide is a common example of a chemical compound that sublimates at atmospheric pressure: a block of solid CO 2 (dry ice) at room temperature and at 1 atm (pressure) will turn into gas without first becoming a liquid. 9 Iodine is another example of a substance that visibly sublimates at room temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 Arsenic can also sublimate at high temperatures. 13 Sublimation requires additional energy and is an endothermic change. At the triple point, the enthalpy of sublimation can be calculated as the enthalpy of fusion plus the enthalpy of vaporization; otherwise it is the enthalpy of fusion to form a supercooled melt plus the enthalpy of evaporation of that melt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sublimation is a rather rare solid-to-vapor-phase transition occurring at temperatures and pressures below the triple point. Some materials (such as zinc and cadmium) sublimate at low pressures and thus may cause problems in high-vacuum applications. − Carbon dioxide is a common example of a chemical compound that sublimates at atmospheric pressure: a block of solid CO 2 (dry ice) at room temperature and at 1 atm (pressure) will turn into gas without first becoming a liquid …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Naphthalene, a common ingredient in mothballs, also sublimes slowly . Arsenic can also sublimate at high temperatures . Sublimation requires additional energy and is an endothermic change.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Kinetic Model for the Sublimation of a Solid and Evaporation of Colloidal Particles from a Solid Substrate

Djikaev

Ruckenstein

2008

J. Phys. Chem. C

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A kinetic approach, based on a first passage time analysis, is proposed to study sublimation. A surface located molecule/particle is considered to perform a chaotic thermal motion in a potential field created by its pairwise interactions with all other molecules of the solid. For the normal (to the surface) motion of the surface molecule this field represents a potential well from which the molecule escapes during sublimation. The mean time necessary for this escape can be determined by solving the Smoluchowski equation for the single molecule distribution function in a potential well wherein the molecule performs its chaotic motion. Knowing this time, one can determine the rate of evaporation of molecules/particles from the surface. The method is applied to two kinds of sublimation. One is the "molecular" sublimation of a solid during which its molecules evaporate from its free surface. The other is the emission of nanoparticles from a solid substrate on which they are adsorbed. Both the substrate and nanoparticles can be coated with thin films which allow one to control the rate of particle emission at a given temperature. The effect of various parameters of the system on the process is studied numerically.

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